3) Conservation of Energy

Question 1

What are the stores of energy?

Answer 1

Kinetic
Gravitational potential energy
Chemical
Thermal
Elastic potential energy
Nuclear

Question 2

What is the internal store?

Answer 2

Kinetic energy stored in particles + chemical energy stored in chemical bonds between particles

Question 3

How is energy added to the body?

Answer 3

Eating food

Question 4

What property of an object is a measure of the energy stored in the kinetic stores of its particles?

Answer 4

Temperature

Question 5

What is kinetic energy measured in?

Answer 5

Joules (J)

Question 6

What is the equation for kinetic energy?

Answer 6

KE = 0.5 x m x v^2

Question 7

What is the equation for GPE?

Answer 7

GPE = m x g x h

Question 8

What is the equation for elastic potential energy?

Answer 8

elastic potential energy = 0.5 x spring constant x extension^2
EE = 0/5 x k x e^2

Question 9

How can energy be transferred between stores?

Answer 9

Heating
Mechanical work
Electrical work
Waves

Question 10

How is more work done?

Answer 10

Push with equal force for longer distance

Push with larger force for same distance

Question 11

What is the equation for work done?

Answer 11

Work done = force x distance

Question 12

What is the equation for electrical energy?

Answer 12

Electrical energy = power x time

E = V x I x t

Question 13

What is the work done by a force equal to?

Answer 13

The energy transferred to the object

Question 14

What is the equation for efficiency?

Answer 14

Efficiency = (useful power output / total power output) x 100

Question 15

What is the unit for power?

Answer 15

Watts (W)

Question 16

What are the ways to reduce unwanted energy transfer?

Answer 16

Thermal insulation

Lubrication

Question 17

How is heat loss reduced in homes?

Answer 17

Fit loft insulation
Use double glazing
Use cavity wall insulation
Fit carpets

Question 18

How does wall size affect insulation?

Answer 18

Thicker walls = less heat lost

Lower thermal conductivity material = less heat lost

Question 19

How does lubrication reduce heat loss?

Answer 19

Reduces frictional forces

Question 20

What is an energy resource?

Answer 20

A resource used to generate electricity and other forms of energy

Question 21

What are the stages of collecting energy from a turbine?

Answer 21

1) Energy resource is used to rotate a turbine
2) Rotating turbine rotates a coil of wire in a magnetic field (a generator)
3) Coil of wire creates an electric current

Question 22

What are advantages of fossil fuels?

Answer 22

Reliable

On demand electricity

Question 23

How is energy created from fossil fuels?

Answer 23

Fossil fuels are burnt to heat a fluid which creates steam and turns a turbine

Question 24

What are disadvantages of fossil fuels?

Answer 24

Not renewable
Inefficient
Contributes to global warming

Question 25

What is geothermal energy?

Answer 25

Natural energy by heating | Volcanoes, magma

Question 26

What are advantges of geothermal energy?

Answer 26

Nenewable | Reliable

Question 27

What are disadvantages of geothermal energy?

Answer 27

Can only be used where volcanic activity is close to the surface

Question 28

What are advantages of wind power?

Answer 28

Renewable energy

Question 29

What are disadvantages of wind power?

Answer 29

Unreliable, needs blowing wind

Question 30

What are advantages of hydroelectric power?

Answer 30

Renewable | More reliable than wind and solar

Question 31

What are disadvantages of hydroelectric power?

Answer 31

Hydroelectic dams change the paths of rivers

Question 32

What are advantages of tidal energy?

Answer 32

Renewable source of energy

Question 33

What are disadvantages of tidal energy?

Answer 33

Creation of tidal turbines can damage ecosystems

Question 34

How does hydroelectric power work?

Answer 34

Dams trap high water and when dropped it rotates a turbine

Question 35

What are advantages of nuclear energy?

Answer 35

No greenhouse gas emission | Reliable

Question 36

What are disadvantages of nuclear energy?

Answer 36

Disposal of long half-life waste can cause safety issues | Long term damage if an accident occurs

Question 37

How does nuclear energy work?

Answer 37

Nuclear energy stored in nuclei is relseased and heats up graphite creating water and steam

Question 38

What are advantages of solar enegry?

Answer 38

Renewable

Question 39

What are disadvanatges of solar energy?

Answer 39

Only produces electricity when there is sunlight

Question 40

What is the orignal source of energy?

Answer 40

The sun

Question 41

What are the energy resources?

Answer 41

``` Geothermal Tidal Wind Water Solar Nuclear Fossil fuels ```

Question 42

What are some uses of energy sources?

Answer 42

Transport | Heating

Question 43

When did electricity use begin to decline in the UK?

Answer 43

21st century

Question 44

Why has the use of enegry resources changed over time?

Answer 44

Technological advances Environmental concerns Changing costs

Question 45

How are we solving the energy problem?

Answer 45

Electric vehicles Government policies Renewable power plants

Question 46

What are limits to renewable energy sources?

Answer 46

Politics Cost Reliability