3. Fossil fuels

Question 1

How many types of energy are there?

Answer 1

9

Question 2

List all types of energy

Answer 2

Electrical
Kinetic
Sound
Light
Heat
Gravitational Potential
Chemical Potential
Elastic Potential
Nuclear

Question 3

Energy transfer

Answer 3

The movement of energy from one location to another.

Question 4

Energy transformation

Answer 4

Energy converting into another energy type.

Question 5

Electrical energy

Answer 5

Movement of electrons

Question 6

Kinetic energy

Answer 6

An object that is moving

Question 7

Sound energy

Answer 7

Sound waves when something vibrates

Question 8

Light energy

Answer 8

Light waves

Question 9

Heat energy

Answer 9

Movement of atoms

Question 10

Gravitation Potential energy

Answer 10

Energy in objects due to their height above ground

Question 11

Chemical Potential energy

Answer 11

Energy stored in bonds of atoms

Question 12

Elastic Potential Energy

Answer 12

Stored in a object when it is squished or stretched

Question 13

Nuclear

Answer 13

When you split atoms

Question 14

3 Fossil Fuels

Answer 14

Oil, Natural gas, Coal

Question 15

How was coal formed?

Answer 15

Plants and animals who died in swamps over millions of years got covered by layers of dirt and rock. The resulting pressure and heat turned the plants into coal.

Question 16

How was natural gas and oil formed?

Answer 16

Plants and animals who died in the sea over millions of years got covered by layers of dirt and rock. The resulting pressure and heat turned the plants into natural gas and oil.
Natural gas is same as oil formation but more pressure and heat.

Question 17

Why is carbon used for fuels and energy?

Answer 17

They burn with a clean flame and no smoke is produced.
Carbon and their compounds give out a lot of heat, energy and light when they are burnt in air
Carbon compounds have higher maximum ignition temperatures and their combustion can be restrained.

Question 18

What makes up the nucleus of an atom?

Answer 18

Protons and neutrons

Question 19

Atomic number

Answer 19

Number of electrons/protons

Question 20

Whats on the outside of an atom?

Answer 20

electrons

Question 21

Atomic mass

Answer 21

Total number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus

Question 22

How to find number of neutrons

Answer 22

Mass Number – Atomic Number = Number of Neutrons

Question 23

Elements

Answer 23

Made of one type of atoms. eg. carbon atoms

Question 24

Compounds

Answer 24

Made of 2 or more different substances chemically combined.

Question 25

Mixtures

Answer 25

2 or more substances that are physically mixed not chemically combined

Question 26

Ion formation
(Don’t need apparently)

Answer 26

Ions are formed when the number of protons in an atom does not equal the number of electrons.
Atoms do this to have a full outer shell, which makes them more stable.
If an atom or molecule gains an electron, it becomes negatively charged (an anion), and if it loses an electron, it becomes positively charged (a cation).

Question 27

Distillation use and how it works

Answer 27

Distillation can be used to separate two liquids which are mixed or a solid and a liquid.
The liquid with a lower boiling point will evaporate first and be separated.

Question 28

Filtration use and how it works

Answer 28

Separates a liquid in an insoluble solid or gaseous fuilid by using filtering agents such as filter paper. Only solid bits are left behind.

Question 29

Chromatography use

Answer 29

Used to separate soluble solid material so they can be identified.

Question 30

pH scale ranges from ____

Answer 30

1-14

Question 31

how much electrons can each electron layer hold?

Answer 31

2,8,8,16 (only works up to 20 bc its a lie contact me for real rules :) )

Question 32

how to measure ph

Answer 32

Universal indicator, litmus paper, ph meter ( electronic thingy )

Question 33

red litmus paper turn blue in ___

Answer 33

base

Question 34

blue litmus paper turn red in _____

Answer 34

acid

Question 35

Acid properties

Answer 35

Good for food preservation
Has pH less than 7
Corrodes metals
Sour taste

Question 36

Base properties

Answer 36

Good for cleaning
Has pH above 7
Feels slimy/slippery
Bitter taste

Question 37

What is needed for combustion?

Answer 37

Oxygen, Heat and Fuel.

Question 38

Combustion

Answer 38

burning a fuel (anything combustible) in oxygen
The product formed is a oxidized form of the original

Question 39

What happens when you burn a non-metal?

Answer 39

Fuel -> Non Metal + oxygen -> Carbon Dioxide + Water

Question 40

Greenhouse effect

Answer 40

Gases in Earth’s atmosphere trapping the Sun’s heat and reflecting it back to earth.

Question 41

Global Warming

Answer 41

The rise in temperature on the surface of the earth.

Question 42

Ocean acidification

Answer 42

CO₂ + H₂O -> H₂CO₃ (carbonic acid)
Ocean acidification is the reduction in the pH of the ocean over an extended period of time, caused by more carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere.

Question 43

Ocean acidification effects

Answer 43

Dissolved shells which disrupt the food chains
Coral bleaching increases coral’s risk of diseases.

Question 44

Metal properties

Answer 44

Solid at room temperature (except mercury)
Shiny if polished
Conducts heat
Conducts electricity
Bend without breaking (malleable)
Can stretch into wires (ductile)

Question 45

Non metal properties

Answer 45

Solid, Liquid, Gas at room temperature
Not shiny
Doesn’t conduct heat
Doesn’t conduct electricity (except graphite)
Breaks easily if solid (brittle)
Cannot stretch easily

Question 46

Renewable Sources of Energy

Answer 46

Solar, Wind, Tidal/Wave, Biomass, Geothermal

Question 47

Crystalization

Answer 47

Used to obtain pure crystals of a substance from an impure mixture.

Solid is disolved in an solvent
Mixture is heated to evaporate solvent
Solution is allowed to cool and solid appears as crystals