3. Organic Chemistry

Question 1

What is fractional distillation?

Answer 1

A process used to separate a mixture into its individual components based on different boiling points.

Question 2

True or False: Fractional distillation can only be used for liquids.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

What is crude oil primarily composed of?

Answer 3

Hydrocarbons

Question 4

What is a hydrocarbon?

Answer 4

Molecule made of hydrogen and carbon only.

Question 5

What are the names of the 6 fractions in order?

Answer 5

Refinery gases
Gasoline
Kerosene
Diesel
Fuel oil
Bitumen

Question 6

What happens to the temperature as you move up a fractional distillation column?

Answer 6

The temperature decreases.

Question 7

Which fraction of crude oil has the lowest boiling point?

Answer 7

Refinery gases

Question 8

What is the role of a condenser in fractional distillation?

Answer 8

To cool and condense vapors back into liquids.

Question 9

What is the name of the process where crude oil is heated to separate its components?

Answer 9

Fractional Distillation

Question 10

Fill in the blank: The ______ point is the temperature at which a liquid turns into vapor.

Answer 10

boiling

Question 11

True or False: Heavier fractions have higher boiling points.

Answer 11

True

Question 12

What is the significance of the boiling point in fractional distillation?

Answer 12

It determines the separation of components in the distillation process.

Question 13

Multiple Choice: Which of the following is NOT a fraction obtained from crude oil? A) Petrol B) Asphalt C) Water D) Diesel

Answer 13

C) Water

Question 14

True or False: All hydrocarbons are flammable.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

What is one environmental concern related to the use of crude oil?

Answer 15

Oil spills and pollution.

Question 16

What is the main advantage of fractional distillation over simple distillation?

Answer 16

It allows for the separation of multiple components with close boiling points.

Question 17

What are refinery gases used for?

Answer 17

Fuel for domestic heating and cooking.

Question 18

What is gasoline used for?

Answer 18

Fuel for cars

Question 19

What is Kerosene used for?

Answer 19

Fuel for aeroplanes

Question 20

What is diesel used for?

Answer 20

Fuel for cars/vans/lorries/trains

Question 21

What is fuel oil used for?

Answer 21

Fuel for ships

Question 22

What is bitumen used for?

Answer 22

Tar for roads/roofs

Question 23

What size of molecules have a low boiling point?

Answer 23

Small molecules

Question 24

What size of molecules have a medium boiling point?

Answer 24

Medium sized molecules

Question 25

What size of molecules have a high boiling point?

Answer 25

Large molecules

Question 26

What is general formula of alkanes

Answer 26

CnH2n+2

Question 27

What does saturated mean?

Answer 27

Contains single covalent bonds only

Question 28

What is a homologous series

Answer 28

A ‘family’ of in which all the molecules have the same general formula and similar. chemical properties and there are trends in physical properties

Question 29

What is the first alkane?

Answer 29

Methane

Question 30

What is the second alkane?

Answer 30

Ethane

Question 31

What is the third alkane

Answer 31

Propane

Question 32

What is the fourth alkane

Answer 32

Butane

Question 33

What is the fifth alkane?

Answer 33

Pentane