3. Types Of Governments

Question 1

A pluralistic society?

Answer 1

Guards the rights of its citizens, balancing the power of its government.

Question 2

Aristotle

Answer 2

Ancient Greek philosopher, “founding father of political science”, wrote about formation and directions of governments.

Question 3

Aristotle divided governments into ____ groups?

Answer 3

2, numerical and moral

Question 4

Numerically, Aristotle claimed that all governments fall into one of ____ categories?

Answer 4

3
One person rules
A few people rule
Many people rule

Question 5

Morally, Aristotle suggested that each of the numerically divided groups would be named according to?

Answer 5

How the government was run. Either for the benefit of the people or for the benefit of the ruling party.

Question 6

Aristotle based his morality upon?

Answer 6

Whether the ruling party ruled for the benefit of the people (good) or the benefit of the ruling party (bad)

Question 7

One ruling person

Answer 7

Monarchy (good)

Tyranny (bad)

Question 8

A few people rule

Answer 8

Aristocracy (good)

Oligarchy (bad)

Question 9

Many people rule

Answer 9

Polity (good)

Democracy (bad), had now lost it’s dangerous connotation.

Question 10

Aristocracy

Answer 10

Government by privileged citizens or the upper class

Question 11

Democracy

Answer 11

Rule by the people. Originally an Aristotlelian term that meant bad “people-run” government

Question 12

Jurisdiction

Answer 12

The right to exercise authority

Question 13

Monarchy

Answer 13

Hereditary rule by one person a alone; usually a king, queen, or emperor

Question 14

Morality

Answer 14

The character of being in agreement with the standards of right conduct

Question 15

Oligarchy

Answer 15

Selfish group leadership, as defined by Aristotle

Question 16

Philosopher

Answer 16

A person who is learned in the study of thought and conduct

Question 17

Pluralism

Answer 17

A form of government where the public has input in the various areas of interest

Question 18

Polity

Answer 18

Aristotle’s definition of a good government run by the people

Question 19

Totalitarianism

Answer 19

A government where the authorities require complete obedience and total submission

Question 20

Tyranny

Answer 20

Unjust governmental authority; oppressive power

Question 21

Anarchism

Answer 21

Leadership has little or no power over the people; no government at all

Question 22

Anarchists view government as an ______ with no ____ and is merely the avenue by which people can ____ power

Answer 22

Institution, merit, grab and exploit

Question 23

Anarchism rose from thought to a ______ movement in the late _____ and early ____ centuries

Answer 23

Revolutionary, 19th, 20th

Question 24

Goal of anarchism was to ____ any government which held ___ over people and start a collection of _____ organizations which would produce and distribute _____ and ___ needs

Answer 24

destroy, rule, “common-man”, economic, social

Question 25

In an Anarchist government _____ and _____would govern themselves, replacing the need for a _______ power.

Answer 25

Regional,state-wide federations,state-run power

Question 26

While following the radical freedom fighting of the ______, the anarchists at first embraced the ideals of ______

Answer 26

French Revolution, Marxism

Question 27

"Dictatorship of the proletariat."

Answer 27

Idea of the capitalist state being used to achieve a classless society, repulsive to anarchists.

Question 28

In ______ political groups were seen as _____

Answer 28

Marxism, corrupt

Question 29

Anarchists believed that anyone faced with thought of overseeing a ____ would fall prey to the desire of _____ and ____

Answer 29

Party, power, glory

Question 30

Clash of ideas between _____ and Russian anarchist _______ in the early _____ caused Marxism and anarchism to go in _______.

Answer 30

Karl Marx, Mikhail Bakunin, 1870s, different directions

Question 31

Karl Marx

Answer 31

Theories of Marxism, favored State-run Socialism

Question 32

Mikhail Bakunin

Answer 32

Russian anarchist, favored total destruction of State as primary goal for those who want to guarantee freedom.

Question 33

Where did anarchism have a great impact?

Answer 33

Russia, many anarchists participated in revolutionary movement both before and during 1917

Question 34

Anarchism is a an extreme form of government and is?

Answer 34

Difficult to find in effect today

Question 35

Examples of some pluralistic countries?

Answer 35

United States, Canada, and Great Britain.

Question 36

A _____ society guards the rights of its citizens while giving government certain powers given by constitutions and other articles.

Answer 36

Pluralistic

Question 37

Special interest groups have an opportunity to propose ___, whether it be for _____, _____or ______ reasons in a pluralistic country

Answer 37

legislation, racial, ethnic, business

Question 38

What insures that no particular group in a pluralistic society takes over?

Answer 38

The diversity of the many peoples and their interests constantly mixing into politics

Question 39

Latter part of 19th century?

Answer 39

Pluralistic flavor of U.S., no longer agricultural country as much as industrial.

Question 40

Citizens poured into America from?

Answer 40

Easter Europe, Southern Europe and Asia

Question 41

Within next ___ decades following the ____ War, number of cities over _____ thousand grew in tenfold.

Answer 41

3, Civil, 10

Question 42

"The Varieties of Religious Experience."

Answer 42

Book written by William James, encouraged support for new era in American diversity

Question 43

Opposite extreme from anarchism

Answer 43

Totalitarianism

Question 44

Totalitarian governments try to?

Answer 44

Regulate everything in a person's life

Question 45

_____ governments have no limits in their power within the country.

Answer 45

Totalitarian governments

Question 46

Communism

Answer 46

Proclaims to be for "common man", but is shown to be an oppressive government; Calls for everyone to give up selfish rights for common good of populace.

Question 47

What is unheard of under communism

Answer 47

Freedoms offered in a capitalistic society