Immunology

Question 0

The antigen binding cleft of the majority of HLA molecules contain what?

Answer 0

Self peptides

Question 1

What moieties are recognized by B-cells? T-cells?

Answer 1

B-cells Carbs, fat, lipid, nucleic acids

T-cells proteins only

Question 2

What are some treatments for MS?

Answer 2

Inhibit inflammation
Interfere with adhesion molecules, thus preventing entry of immune cells past the BBB.
Try to skew an immune response toward activation and differentiation of Th2 cells rather than Th1,17.
Immunosuppressants.
Interfere with HLA presentation of myelin binding peptides
Decreases B and T cell activity with Mabs

Question 3

How do you diagnose MS?

Answer 3

MRI

CSF containing oligoclonal bands (on a gel) which represent the presence of Mabs produced by intrathecal B-cells.

Question 4

What are some symptoms associated with Guilian-Barre syndrome?

Answer 4

Acute demyelinating polyneuropathy
Ascending motor weakness from the extremities
Usually preceded by the flu, vaccine for the flu, or campylobacter jejuni infection

Question 5

How is the immune system activated with MS?

Answer 5

Myelin proteins are phagocytized do by macrophages presented to T-cells as foreign peptides. T-cells mature into Th1,2,17. CD-8 cells and B cells are activated

Question 6

How does damage to myelin occur in MS?

Answer 6

Macrophages and lymphocytes
Pro inflammatory cytokines such as IL2,6 and TNF-alpha
Ab against oligodendrocytes
Complement