M5 Rules And Safety

Question 0

Baffling

Answer 0

baffling [ˈbæflɪŋ] a gluminantis, trikdantis, sunkus

Question 1

Gloss over

Answer 1

gloss¹ [glɔs]
↪ n
1 (audinio, plaukų ir pan.) blizgesys, žvilgesys
2 apgaulingai žavi/maloni išorė
3 rafinuotumas, įmantrumas
↪ v
1 blizginti
2 blizgėti, žvilgėti
3 nudailinti (atsitikimą, pasielgimą), (už)tušuoti, (už)glostyti (trūkumus), vengti kalbėti (apie nemalonius dalykus; over)

So despite a desire to maybe gloss over this topic and pretend to come back to it, we want you to hunker down serously and pay full attention here.

Question 2

A sailboat is deemed to be on…

Answer 2

deem [di:m] v knyg. manyti, būti nuomonės

Question 3

Courtesy

Answer 3

courtesy [ˈkə:təsɪ] n
1 mandagumas, pagarbumas, etiketas
2 pl mandagybės, meilūs žodžiai, komplimentai (susitikus)
3 malonus sutikimas, leidimas, malonė;
by courtesy of
a) su kieno maloniu sutikimu;
b) dėl (ko), (ko) dėka

Question 4

Courteous

Answer 4

courteous [ˈkɔ:tɪəs] a mandagus, pagarbus, paslaugus

Knowing the rules for safe and courteous sailing is essential.

Question 5

Instigate

Answer 5

instigate [ˈɪnstɪgeɪt] v
1 (su)kurstyti, raginti; (iš)provokuoti
2 pradėti (tyrimą ir pan.)

Verb: instigate
|'in‑stuˌgeyt|
Provoke or stir up • instigate a riot
=	incite, set off, stir up
~	provoke, stimulate
⇒	raise
Serve as the inciting cause of
=	inspire, prompt
~	cause, get, have, induce, make, stimulate

Question 6

Collision

Answer 6

collision [kəˈlɪʒn] n
1 (traukinių, laivų ir pan.) susidūrimas;
to come into collision (with) (ir prk.) susidurti (su)
2 prk. susidūrimas, susikirtimas; kolizija, konfliktas

Going windward in a close hauled sail set could be dangerous because your vessel always has a certain amount of sideslip and you just might not make it - or the wind could change, causing you not to be able to make as tight of a heading as you estimated.

Question 7

To lie adrift

Answer 7

The sailboat is overtaking a powerboat. Any vessel overtaking another must Give Way, therefore the sailboat must Give Way. This is also the case if the powerboat was lying adrift in this position.
However, if the powerboat was adrift in the position in the image below, the powerboat must Give-Way. The reason for this is that adrift is actually considered as “underway” even with engines off.

Question 8

Vessel

Answer 8

Noun: vessel
|ve‑sul|
(biology) a tube or canal that carries fluid in an animal or plant
=	vas
~	tube, tube-shaped structure
⇒	blood vessel
A floating craft used for transport over water
=	watercraft
~	craft

Question 9

Propel

Answer 9

Verb: propel
(propelled, propelling)
|pru’pel|
Cause to move forward with force • Steam propels this ship
= impel
~ displace, move
⇒ carry, catapult, drive, flip, hit, kick, launch, loft, pole, project, punt, rocket, send off, throw, wing
Give an incentive for action • This propelled me to sacrifice my career
= actuate, incite, motivate, move, prompt
~ cause, do, engender, make

Question 10

Argue

Answer 10

Verb: argue
|aa(r)‑gyoo|
Present reasons and arguments
=	reason
~	lay out, present, represent
⇒	defend, expostulate, fend for, re-argue, support
Have an argument about something
=	contend, debate, fence
~	converse, discourse
⇒	altercate, argufy, bicker, brabble, dispute, niggle, oppose, pettifog, quarrel, quibble, scrap, spar, squabble, stickle
Give evidence of • The evidence argues for your claim
=	indicate

Question 11

Lookout

Answer 11

Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumstances and conditions so as to make a full appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision.

Question 12

Radar

Answer 12

Noun: radar

|’reyˌdaa(r)|

Question 13

Scanty

Answer 13

scanty [ˈskæntɪ] a
1 skurdus, menkas, prastas;
scanty breakfast menki pusryčiai
2 mažytis, vos užtektinas;

Assumptions shallnot be made on the basis of scanty information, especially scanty radar information.

Question 14

Running, wing on wing

Answer 14

Sailing the boat within roughly 30 degrees either side of dead downwind is called a run. This can be the most comfortable point of sail, but requires constant attention. When the wind is coming directly behind the boat, the sailor must sail wing on wing, one sail on port the other on starboard. Loss of attention by the helmsperson can lead to an accidental jibe, causing injury to the boat or crew. All on deck must be aware of, and if possible avoid, the potential arc of the boom, mainsheet and other gear in case an accidental jibe occurs during a run. A preventer can be rigged to reduce danger and damage from accidental jibes.

Question 15

Two head sails

Answer 15

Another technique often used by cruisers is to set two head sails, one to port and one to starboard. Depending on the sails, this can often give as much sail area as a spinnaker, but is easier to control. It is also easier to handle than going wing and wing, as the main sail is not set and does not disturb the air flow to the head sails. The main boom then can be rigged as a whisker pole too, to stabilize one of the head sails.

Question 16

Sailing by lee

Answer 16

Another technique used while running is sailing by the lee. Here the main sail is placed on the windward side of the boat, leading to a heightened risk of gybing. With the main placed perpendicular to the boat to windward, and then pulled in slightly, the leech is allowed to act as the leading edge of an airfoil. (Usually, the luff is the leading edge, such as when close-hauled.) This position, though unstable to accidental gybes, allows the sail to generate some force from lift, just as when sailing on a broad-reach. In fact, because there is no mast to generate turbulence around the sail’s leading edge (as happens on the broad reach) the lift generated is somewhat stronger than might be expected for such an oblique profile

Question 17

Draught

Answer 17

draught [drɑ:ft] n
1 trauka, trauksmas, skersvėjis;
chimney draught kamino trauka;
he has caught cold (by) sitting in a draught jis suslogavo nuo skersvėjo;
there is a draught here čia traukia
2 traukimas, tempimas
3 pilstymas;
beer on draught, draught beer alus iš statinės (pilstomas)
4 maukas, gurkšnis;
8 jūr. (laivo) grimzlė, gramzda

Question 18

In lieu of something

Answer 18

lieu [lju:, lu:] n: in lieu of knyg. vietoj ko

Question 19

Deviate

Answer 19

Verb: deviate♫
|'dee‑veeˌeyt|
Turn aside; turn away from
=	divert
~	turn
⇒	depart, detour, digress, sidetrack, straggle, yaw

Severely restricted in ability to deviate from her course.

Question 20

Severely

Answer 20

Adverb: severely

|su’veer‑lee|

Question 21

Prevailing

Answer 21

prevailing [prɪˈveɪlɪŋ] a
1 vyraujantis, dominuojantis
2 (plačiai) paplitęs, visuotinis

Every vessel shall at all times maintain a proper look-out by sight and hearing as well as by all available means appropriate in the prevailing circumtances and conditions, so as to make a full appraisal of the situation and of the risk of collision.