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H.O.E > Study Guide for Final Sem 1 > Flashcards

Study Guide for Final Sem 1 Flashcards

0
Q

abduction

A

Movement away from midline

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1
Q

abdominal cavity

A

Area in front of body containing the stomach, small intestine, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, and sperm

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2
Q

adduction

A

Movement towards midline

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3
Q

abuse

A

Any care that results in pain or physical harm or mental anguish

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4
Q

acculturation

A

Process of learning beliefs and behaviors of other cultures

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5
Q

adipose tissue

A

Fatty tissues, fat

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6
Q

adult ratio for CPR

A

30:2 (compressions:breaths)

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7
Q

afferent nerves

A

Nerves that carry impulses to central nervous systems

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8
Q

alternative health care

A

Methods of treatment used in place of biomedical health care

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9
Q

amino acids are made of

A

proteins

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10
Q

amylase

A

An enzyme that converts starch to sugar; saliva and pancreatic

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11
Q

anatomy

A

The study of the structure of an organism

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12
Q

anemia

A

Lack of blood or and insufficient number of red blood cells

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13
Q

aneurysm

A

A ballooning out of (or a saclike formation) on artery wall

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14
Q

antiboics are used to treat what kind of infection

A

Bacterial infections

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15
Q

antisepsis

A

Slows growth and/or kills pathogenic organisms

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16
Q

arachnoid membrane

A

Thin layer of tissue that covers a cavity

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17
Q

assault and battery

A

Assault: Physical or verbal attack on someone
Battery: Treatment of someone without consent

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18
Q

Bartholin’s gland

A

Two small mucous glands near vaginal opening

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19
Q

basic needs for life

A

Physiological needs: food, water, oxygen, temp., sleep; safety and security; love and affection; esteem; self-actualization

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20
Q

basophils

A

Type of white blood cell produced in bone marrow

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21
Q

becoming a team player

A

Positive attitude; respectful; cooperative

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22
Q

bias

A

A preference that inhabits partial judgement

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23
Q

biology

A

The study of life

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24
Q

blood views in relationship to cultures

A

Jehovah’s Witness: no blood transfusion

Christian Scientist: May refuse blood transfusions

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25
Q

body mechanics

A

Most efficient use of all body parts

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26
Q

brachial pulse site

A

Inner part of arm; crease of the elbow

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27
Q

Bulbourethral glands

A

Two small glands below prostate, secrets mucus

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28
Q

cardiac sphincter

A

Ring-like muscle; closes a natural passage in the heart

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29
Q

carotid pulse site

A

On side of neck

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30
Q

centrosome

A

Area of cell in cytoplasm; aids in reproduction of cell

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31
Q

cervical vertebrae

A

Neck portion of the spinal column

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32
Q

chambers of heart

A

Left atrium, right atrium, left ventricle, right ventricle

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33
Q

characteristics of culture

A

Values, beliefs, ideas, customs, and characteristics

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34
Q

characteristics of resume

A

A summary of a persons work history and experience

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35
Q

characteristics of taking pulse

A

Rate (number of beats); rhythm (regularity); volume (intensity)

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36
Q

chemical disinfection

A

Aseptic-control method to destroy pathogens

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37
Q

chromatin

A

Inside genetic material; in nucleus; made of DNA and protein

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38
Q

chronic dementia

A

Symptoms caused by permanent, irreversible damage to brain cells

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39
Q

circulatory system

A

Carries oxygen to body; carries waste away from cells

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40
Q

common cold

A

Inflammation of nasal membrane; runny nose, congestion, soreness, etc.

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41
Q

communication skills

A

Talk clearly, eye contact, hand gestures, respectful, etc.

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42
Q

compensation

A

Substitution of one goal for another goal to achieve success

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43
Q

computerized tomography

A

X-rays permits physicians to see clear view of body

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44
Q

conjunctiva

A

Mucous membrane that line the eyelids

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45
Q

connecting nerves

A

Share impulses by passing synapses back and forth

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46
Q

connective tissue

A

Tissue that connects, supports, and binds

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47
Q

cornea

A

Transparent section of sclera; allows light to enter the eye

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48
Q

coronal plane

A

Divides body into front and back halves

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49
Q

Cowper’s glands

A

Pair of small mucous glands near male urethra

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50
Q

cva

A

Results in lack of oxygen and destruction of brain tissue

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51
Q

cytoplam

A

Semi fluid (water, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals, salts) inside cell but outside nucleus

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52
Q

defamation

A

False statement that causes ridicule or damage to a reputation

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53
Q

definition edema

A

Swelling; excessive fluid in the tissues

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54
Q

definition of afebrile

A

Without a fever

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55
Q

definition of arteries

A

Carries blood away from heart

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56
Q

definition of body temperature

A

Normal range: 97-100

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57
Q

definition of bradycardia

A

Slow heart rate; below 60 beats per minute in adults

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58
Q

definition of capillaries

A

Smallest veins; connects arterioles and venules

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59
Q

definition of cyanosis

A

Bluish color of skin, nails, and lips due to a lack of oxygen

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60
Q

definition of dehydration

A

Insufficient amount of fluids in tissues

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61
Q

definition of diaphoresis

A

Excessive swelling

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62
Q

definition of dyspnea

A

Difficult or labored breathing

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63
Q

definition of homeostasis

A

Constant state of natural balance within body

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64
Q

definition of hydration

A

Maintenance of body fluid balance

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65
Q

definition of hyperthermia

A

Body temp above 104

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66
Q

definition of hypothermia

A

Body temp below 95

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67
Q

definition of pyrexia

A

Fever

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68
Q

definition of tachycardia

A

Fast or rapid heartbeat; above 100 beats per minute in adults

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69
Q

definition of veins

A

Blood vessel that carries blood back to the heart

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70
Q

defintion of vertigo

A

Sensation of dizziness

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71
Q

definition of vital signs

A

Provide info about body conditions: temperature, pulse, blood pressure, respirations

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72
Q

definition of wellness

A

State of being in good health

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73
Q

delirium

A

Acute, reversible mental confusion caused by illness

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74
Q

dendrite

A

Carry impulses toward the cell body

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75
Q

development of standard precautions

A

CDC (Centers of Disease Control and Prevention); gloves, mask, gown, wash hands, etc.

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76
Q

diaphysis

A

Shaft or middle part of a long bone

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77
Q

digestive system

A

Digests foods, transports food, absorbs nutrients, eliminates waste

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78
Q

displacement

A

Feelings about a person are transferred to someone else

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79
Q

divisions of autonomic nervous system

A

Sympathetic: prepares body for increased heart rate
Parasympathetic: slows heart rate down

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80
Q

dorsal or posterior

A

Towards the back; behind

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81
Q

dura mater

A

Protective part of brain; outside layer

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82
Q

efferent nerves

A

Carry messages from brain to glands

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83
Q

embolus

A

A foreign substance circulating in blood stream

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84
Q

empathy skills

A

Caring, understanding, sincere, etc.

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85
Q

endometrium

A

Mucous membrane lining inner surface of uterus

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86
Q

endoplasmic reticulum

A

Tubular structures located in cytoplasm; allows for transportation of materials in and out of nucleus

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87
Q

eosinophils

A

Removes toxins and defends body from allergic reactions

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88
Q

epidemiologist

A

Indentity and track diseases as they occur in a group of people

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89
Q

epiphysis

A

The end or head of a long bone

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90
Q

epithelial tissue

A

Tissue that forms the skin and parts of secreting glands

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91
Q

ergonomics

A

Applied science used to promote safety of a person

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92
Q

esophagus

A

Tube that extends from pharynx (throat) to stomach

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93
Q

things needed to make a fire

A

Oxygen, fuel, heat

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94
Q

ethnicity

A

Classification of people based on natural origin and/or culture

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95
Q

ethnocentricity

A

Belief in superiority of ones own ethnic group

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96
Q

Eustachian tube

A

Tube that connects middle of the ear to the throat

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97
Q

examples of questions you may ask at an interview

A

Job description, uniform, career growth, education, etc.

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98
Q

examples of subjective observation

A

Cannot be seen or felt, symptoms, complaints or comments made by patients

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99
Q

extended family

A

Mother, father, children, grandparents, aunts, uncles, cousins

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100
Q

extension

A

Increasing the angle between two parts (straightening a limb)

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101
Q

factors influencing blood presuure

A

Genetics, race, obesity, stress, age, diet, smoking, etc

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102
Q

false imprisonment

A

Restraining an individual or restricting their freedom

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103
Q

fascia

A

Fibrous membrane covering, supporting, and separating muscles

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104
Q

femoral pulse site

A

Inner part of upper thigh

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105
Q

fimbriae

A

Finger-like projections at end of the Fallopian tubes

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106
Q

fire: RACE and PASS

A

Rescue, Activate alarms, Contain fire, Extinguish fire

Pull pin, Aim nozzle, Squeeze handle, Swoosh back and forth

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107
Q

first five steps for first aid

A

1) recognize emergency
2) appropriate action based of scenario
3) determine consciousness
4) call 911
5) provide care needed

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108
Q

flexion

A

Decreasing the angle between two limbs; bending a limb

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109
Q

foramina

A

A passage or opening; a hole in the bone

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110
Q

forms of dementia

A

Cerebrovascular, artherlosclerosis, transient ischemic, Alzheimer’s

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111
Q

frontal plane

A

Divides body into front and back halves

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112
Q

function of bile

A

Aids in emulsification of fats during digestion

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113
Q

function of cerebellum

A

Maintains balance and equilibrium

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114
Q

function of ejaculatory duct

A

Carries sperm and semen through prostate into the urethra

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115
Q

function of medulla oblongata

A

Lower part of brainstem; controls vital processes: heartbeat, respirations, etc.

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116
Q

function of midbrain

A

Connects pons and cerebellum; relay center for impulses

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117
Q

function of pons

A

Connects medulla oblongata and cerebellum to upper portion of brain

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118
Q

function of seminal vesicles

A

Produces thick, yellow fluid

119
Q

function of vas deferens

A

Recieves sperm and fluid form epididymis

120
Q

functions of leukocytes

A

White blood cell; fights infections

121
Q

functions of HCL

A

Kills ingested bacteria, protein digestion; regulates open/close of pyloric sphincter

122
Q

functions of large intestine

A

Finish absorbing water and gets rid of waste

123
Q

functions of paragraphs within cover letter

A

State reasons of why applying; resume, and requestment letter

124
Q

functions of parasympathetic

A

Pulls you back down to normal (heartbeat)

125
Q

functions of sympathetic

A

Increases heart rate; causes pupils to dilate

126
Q

functions of thrombocytes

A

Helps with blood clotting

127
Q

fungi

A

Simple, plant-like organisms that live on dead organic matter

128
Q

gastrocnemius

A

Back of lower leg; flexes sole of foot

129
Q

geriatric ambassador

A

Someone who is representative for the elderly care

130
Q

gerontologist

A

Specializes in diseases of elderly individuals

131
Q

Golgi apparatus

A

Produces, stores, and packages secretions from discharge or a cell

132
Q

groups of tissues

A

Nerve, epithelial, muscle, and connective

133
Q

guidelines for restraints

A

Use only when all other methods have failed; check on patient regularly

134
Q

gynecologist

A

Specializes in diseases of female reproductive organs

135
Q

having competence

A

Qualified and capable of preforming ADLs

136
Q

having dependability

A

Ability of being dependable or reliable

137
Q

having responsbility

A

Being willing and trusted to be held accountable for actions

138
Q

having self-motivation

A

Ability to begin or follow through with a task without help

139
Q

having tact

A

The ability to say or do the kindest or most fitting thing in difficult situations

140
Q

health care spreadsheets functions

A

Allow a computer to do math calculations

141
Q

heart sounds

A

Noise generated by the beating of the heart

142
Q

hemiplegia

A

Paralysis of one side of the body

143
Q

hemoglobin

A

Protein of blood cells; carries oxygen from lungs to tissues

144
Q

hemophilia

A

Blood unable to clot because of lack of plasma protein

145
Q

hepatitis

A

Inflammation of the liver

146
Q

homeostasis

A

A constant state of natural balance within the body

147
Q

internist

A

jape ailing in internal medicine

148
Q

iris

A

Colored part of the eye; regulated size of pupil

149
Q

joints

A

An area where two bones meet

150
Q

labia majora

A

Two large foods of adipose tissue on each side of vulva; hairy outer lips

151
Q

labia minora

A

Two folds inside labia majora; hairless inner lips

152
Q

laryngopharynx

A

Bottom section of the pharynx (throat)

153
Q

leukemia

A

Disease of bone marrow or lymph tissue

154
Q

libel

A

False written statement that causes a person ridicule or contempt or a damaged reputation

155
Q

ligaments

A

Connects bone to bone

156
Q

limiting a search engine

A

Identify and use keywords, use + to connect words

157
Q

lipase

A

Aids in the digestion of fats

158
Q

listening skills

A

Interest, eye contact, pay attention, avoid interrupting

159
Q

lumbar vertebrae

A

L1-L5- lower back/waist

160
Q

lymphatic system

A

Works to remove wastes and excess fluids from tissues

161
Q

lymphocytes

A

Provides immunity for body by developing antidobies

162
Q

magnetic resonance imaging

A

Alteration of magnetic position of hydrogen atoms to produce an image

163
Q

male gonads

A

Testes

164
Q

malpractice

A

Improper treatment that results in injury to another person

165
Q

matriarchal family

A

Mother or oldest female is authority figure

166
Q

measles

A

Viral disease causing fever and red rash on the skin

167
Q

medical (clinical) laboratory technologist

A

Studies tissues, fluids, and cells in human body to determine diseases

168
Q

method for adult choking unconscious

A

Call 911, adult CPR

169
Q

method of closed bed

A

Arrange linen, elevate bed, lock wheels, make bed ready for next patient

170
Q

method of mechanical lift

A

Used to transfer weak or paralyzed patients

171
Q

method of taking blood pressure

A

Aneroid cuff; mercury sphygmomanometer

172
Q

method to transfer patient on stretcher

A

Mechanical lift, gait belt, or blankets

173
Q

methods of shaving a patient

A

Apply shaving Cream, regular/electronic razors, wash body afterwards

174
Q

midsagittal plane

A

Divides body into left and right halves

175
Q

mixed nerves

A

Nerves that contain both motor and sensory nerves

176
Q

modes of transmissions

A

Causative again from one host to another; direct contact, indirect contact, vectors

177
Q

muscle tissue

A

Body tissue composed of fibers that produce movement

178
Q

myometrium

A

Middle layer of uterus

179
Q

naospharynx

A

Upper part of throat; behind nasal cavities

180
Q

negligence

A

Failure to give care normally expected; results in an injury

181
Q

neurilemma

A

Thin sheath around a nerve axon

182
Q

neurologist

A

Specializes in disorders of the brain and nervous system

183
Q

neuron

A

Nerve cell

184
Q

neutrophils

A

Phagocytize bacteria by secreting an enzyme called lysozyme

185
Q

nonverbal behavior

A

Facial expressions, body language, gestures, eye contact, etc.

186
Q

nuclear family

A

Mother, father, children (or a single parent and children)

187
Q

nucleolus

A

In nucleus; important in the reproduction of cells

188
Q

nucleus

A

The “brain” of the cell; controls cell activities; important for mitosis and cell division

189
Q

nutrient that fives 9 cal per gram

A

Fat

190
Q

ombudsman

A

Trained individual that acts as an advocate for others and make decisions to improve medial care and conditions

191
Q

orbital cavity

A

The eyes

192
Q

order of large intestine

A

Cecum; colon (ascending, transverse, sigmoid); rectum

193
Q

organelle

A

Structures in cytoplasm: nucleus, ribosomes, mitochondria, lysosomes, etc.

194
Q

origin of insulin

A

Produced by pancreas

195
Q

oropharynx

A

Middle section; behind oral cavity

196
Q

OSHA regulations

A

To protect health care providers from diseases caused by exposure to fluids

197
Q

palatine

A

Near the palate

198
Q

paraplegia

A

Paralysis of the lower half of the body

199
Q

parts of tongue

A

Sweet/salty at the tip; sour at the sides; bitter at the back

200
Q

pathologist

A

Specializes in diagnosing diseases by studying the changes in organs, tissues, and cells

201
Q

pathophysiology

A

The study of how disease occurs and the responses of living organisms to the disease process

202
Q

patient advocate

A

Appointed to act on behalf of a patient to make medical decisions

203
Q

patriarchal family

A

Father or oldest male is authority figure

204
Q

pediatrician

A

Specializes in diseases and disorders of children

205
Q

pelvic cavity

A

Lower abdominal cavity, urinary bladder, reproductive organs, and last part of the large intestine

206
Q

penicillin (who and when)

A

Alexander Fleming; 1928

207
Q

pepsin

A

Enzyme in stomach activated by HCL; starts protein digestion

208
Q

phlebitis

A

Inflammation of the veins

209
Q

physical changes related to elderly CV system

A

Heart is less efficient; circulation decreases

210
Q

physiology

A

Study of the process of living organisms

211
Q

pia mater

A

Makes sure the brain gets everything it needs; nourishes nerve tissues

212
Q

pleura

A

Serous membrane that covers the lungs and lines the thoracic cavity

213
Q

popliteal pulse site

A

Behind the knee

214
Q

portal of exits

A

Ways agents leave the reservoir; urine, feces, saliva, blood, tears, discharge, drainage, etc.

215
Q

positron emission tomography

A

Computer produces 3D image from radiation in a PET scan

216
Q

prejudice

A

Feeling or belief about a person or subject without reviewing facts

217
Q

process technician

A

Operate/monitor machinery used to produce bio technological products

218
Q

projection

A

Placing blame on someone(thing) else

219
Q

protozoa

A

One-celled animals found in decaying materials

220
Q

psychiatrist

A

Physicians specializes in diagnosing/treating mental illnesses

221
Q

purpose of cover letter

A

Obtain an interview

222
Q

pyloric sphincter

A

Circular; keeps food in the stomach until ready to go to the small intestine

223
Q

quadriceps femoris

A

Front of thigh; extends the leg

224
Q

quadriplegia

A

Paralysis below the neck (arms and legs)

225
Q

rationalization

A

To make excuses for behavior

226
Q

reality orientation

A

Help promote awareness of time, place, and person

227
Q

red marrow

A

Soft tissue in epiphyses of long bones

228
Q

repression

A

To store away painful or unacceptable ideas

229
Q

reservoir

A

Area where agents live: human body, animals, environment, etc.

230
Q

respiratory system

A

Responsible for taking in oxygen and releasing carbon dioxide

231
Q

rickettsiae

A

Parasitic microorganisms that live on other living organisms

232
Q

routes for taking temperature

A

Oral (mouth), rectum (buttox), axillary (armpit), aural (ear), temporal (forehead)

233
Q

sacral vertebrae

A

1 in the back of the pelvic girdle

234
Q

sartorius

A

Muscle across the front of the thighs from the hip to the inside of the knee

235
Q

sclera

A

White outer coat of the eye

236
Q

sensitivity

A

Ability to recognize and appreciate the personal characteristics of others

237
Q

signs of abuse

A

Welts, bruises, bites, fear, depression, anger, paranoia, suicidal, etc.

238
Q

signs of shock

A

Pale or blue, cool skin, sweaty, clammy, low bp, fast breaths, etc.

239
Q

sinuses

A

Cavity or air space in a bone

240
Q

slander

A

Spoken comment that causes a person ridicule or damages reputation

241
Q

sociologist

A

Aid people who have difficulty coping with problems

242
Q

sociologist

A

Aid people who have difficulty coping with problems

243
Q

spirituality

A

Set of beliefs that evolve and change throughout lifetime

244
Q

stages of bed sore

A

Red/blue, bruises, deep or open crater, hurt muscle/tendon/bone tissue

245
Q

start of disinfectants

A

Joseph Lister, 1865

246
Q

start of public health

A

Ancient Romans; created first aqueducts

247
Q

stereotype

A

Occurs when assumption is made that everyone in a group is the same

248
Q

sterilization

A

Total destruction of all microorganisms

249
Q

suppression

A

Refuses to deal with unacceptable thoughts or feeling

250
Q

tendon

A

Fibrous connective tissue that connects muscle to bone

251
Q

therapeutic diet with exchange list

A

Diabetic

252
Q

thoracic cavity

A

In chest, esophagus, trachea, bronchi, lungs, heart, large blood vessels

253
Q

thoracic vertebrae

A

T1-T12; attached to ribs, protective of spinal cord

254
Q

thrombophlebitis

A

Inflammation of a vein

255
Q

tibialis anterior

A

Front of lower leg; flexes and inverts foot

256
Q

trachea

A

Windpipe; air tube from larynx to bronchi

257
Q

transient ischemic attack

A

Technical term for mini stroke

258
Q

transverse plane

A

Divides body to top and bottom half

259
Q

treatment for convulsions

A

First aid; provide pillow for head; move onto side in case of vomit

260
Q

tuberculosis

A

Infectious lung disease caused by Myobacterium tuberculosis

261
Q

two energy forces for cultures

A

Asian: yin/yang
Hispanic: hot/cold
Native American: nature/man

262
Q

tympanic

A

Ear drum, separates outer ear from middle ear

263
Q

types of beds you make and why

A

Closed: right after patient leaves
Open: ready for next patient
Occupied: patient is in it

264
Q

ultrasonic cleaning

A

Uses second waves to clean; not a sterilization

265
Q

ultrasonogrpahy

A

High frequency sound waves that bounce back and echo when it hits the organ/tissues inside the body

266
Q

use networking

A

Allows people to use same date or information at the same time

267
Q

use of emedicine

A

Allows patients to communicate to a physician by email

268
Q

use of internet in health care

A

Used for communication: email, telemedicine, telepharmacies, listservs

269
Q

use of telemedicine

A

Involves use of video, audio, and computer systems to provide medical or health care services

270
Q

use of telepharmacy

A

Allows for rapid dispensing of medications

271
Q

valves of the heart and location

A

Tricuspid (between right atrium and right ventricle)
mitral (between left atrium and left ventricle)
aortic (between left ventricle and aorta)
Pulmonary (between right ventricle and pulmonary artery)

272
Q

varicose veins

A

Dilated, swollen veins; lost elasticity

273
Q

vegetarian diet by what spiritual group

A

Buddhist, Hindu, Seventh Day Adventist

274
Q

ventral/anterior

A

Before or in front of

275
Q

viruses

A

Smallest microorganism; can’t reproduce outside of living cell

276
Q

viscera

A

Internal organs in main cavities of body esp in abdomen

277
Q

visceral membrane

A

Type of serous membrane that covers the intestine

278
Q

voluntary muscles

A

Under one’s control, done by one’s choice or desire

279
Q

vulva

A

External female genitalia; labia majora/minora; clitoris

280
Q

ways to avoid cultural differences

A

Be sensitive, open, avoid offending jokes

281
Q

what to do with damaged materials

A

Report it; make no attempt to move it or use it

282
Q

what influences the color of blood

A

Oxygen

283
Q

what is a reume

A

A record of information about an individual

284
Q

what is elecrtocardiogram

A

Computerized interpretation system to monitor patients heart

285
Q

what is medicaid

A

Provides care for people who’s income is below a certain level

286
Q

what is medicare

A

Provides care for elderly or disabled individuals

287
Q

what is mental development

A

Intellectual development

288
Q

what is workers’ compensation

A

Payment and care provided to and individual injured on the job

289
Q

when do you call EMS for CPR

A

After checking to make sure scene is safe; right before CPR

290
Q

when should you wear safety goggles

A

When fluids could splash

291
Q

which act requires you to show photo identifiation

A

Bureau of Immigration Reform Act of 1986

292
Q

willingness to learn

A

Ability to learn/adapt to changes

293
Q

yellow marrow

A

Soft tissue in the diaphyses of long bones

294
Q

withdraw

A

Ceases to communicate, physically removes self from situations

295
Q

What is HIPPA

A

Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act

295
Q

When do you wear PPEs

A

When you could come in contact with bodily fluids

H.O.E (10 decks)

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