Antihypertensives Flashcards
non-pharm methods of reducing blood pressure
weight loss diet stop smoking reduce caffeine and alcohol exercise reduce sodium
meds that increase blood pressure
BCP
antihistamines
corticosteroids
tricyclic antidepressants
diuretics inhibit ___ resorption, which inhibits ___ resoprtion, which ___ blood volume
Na
H2O
lowers
Hydrochlorothiazide works in ___ ____ convoluted tubule.
AE: electrolyte imbalance
low potassium: _______
early distal
hypokalemia
Furosemide is most potent
works on ____ ____ __ ____
highest efficacy but highest adverse effects
used most for CHF
ascending loop of henle
____ inhibits Na/K exchange in ___ ____ convoluted tubule
combo w/ furosemide to prevent _____
treats hair loss
weak ____ inhibitor, feminizing for transgender
Spironolactone
late distal
hypokalemia
testosterone
drug given IV in emergencies
sets up osmotic pressure differential
Mannitol
hypertensive beta-1 blockers: ____ and ____
do not work on ____ ____ ethnicity
lower BP as surrogate outcome
lower mortality as clinical outcome
metropolol
atenolol
African American
replacements for main beta-1 blockers
carvedilol
nebivolol
ACE stands for ___ ___ ___
they inhibit angiotensin II, a potent vaso____
less effective in ___ and ___ ___
main AE: ____
angiotensin converting enzyme constrictor elderly African americans cough
most common ACE inhibitor
lisinopril
ACE inhibitor used IV in crisis
Enalapril
first ACE inhibitor on the market
absorption limited by food
captopril
\_\_\_ family of drugs inhibit angiotensin II receptors do not cause cough ineffective in \_\_\_\_ \_\_\_\_ all end in -\_\_\_\_\_ combo: HCTZ + valsartan: \_\_\_\_ HCTZ + losartan \_\_\_\_
ARA (angiotensin II receptor antagonist) African americans sartan diovan HCT Hyzaar
Ca channel blockers do not reduce mortality as much as ACE inhibitors.
produce vaso_____ of vascular smooth muscle
dilation
