3.1.5/6: Isomers/ E/Z Isomers

Question 1

Structural isomers

Answer 1

Have the same molecular formula, but a different structural formula.
eg: the atoms are connected in different ways

Question 2

Structural isomers

3 types

Answer 2

chain
position
functional group

Question 3

Chain isomers

Answer 3

Have the same functional groups but different arrangements of the carbon skeleton
(some straight chains, some branched)

Question 4

Position isomers

Answer 4

Have the same skeleton and the same atoms or groups of atom attached but the atoms/ groups of atoms are attached to different carbon atoms

Question 5

Functional group isomers

Answer 5

Have the same atoms arranged into different functional groups

Question 6

Stereoisomers

Answer 6

Have the same structural formula but their atoms are arranged differently in space

Question 7

Double bonds are

c=c

Answer 7

planar as all carbons lie in the same plane
(trigonal planar)
rigid
atoms can’t rotate around the = bonds

Question 8

E/Z isomerism

caused by

Answer 8

restricted rotation around a c=c double bond

Question 9

E/Z isomerism

Answer 9

c=c

if the carbons in the double bond have 2 different atoms/groups attached to them it can occur

Question 10

E-isomer

Answer 10

the two largest atoms/groups are on different sides

Question 11

Z-isomer

Answer 11

the two largest atoms/groups are on the same side

Question 12

Cahn-Ingold prelog rules

Answer 12

(CIP)

number 4 directly connecting atoms in order of atomic mass number with highest priority having the largest number