3.1.6-ATP Flashcards
(11 cards)
What are the components of ATP?
3 phosphate groups
Penrose sugar(ribose)
Nitrogenous base(adenine)
What processes are ATP synthesised in?
Respiration and photosynthesis
Describe how ATP is formed from its component molecules
Adenine, ribose and 3 phosphates
Condensation reaction
ATP synthase
What is the name of the enzyme that synthesises ATP?
ATP synthase
What is the name of the enzyme that breaks down ATP?
ATP hydrolase
What does ATP break down into?
ADP+Pi
What happens to molecules when ATP donates a phosphate group to them?
They become more reactive
What is phosphorylation?
The phosphate released during ATP hydrolysis can be bonded onto different compounds making them more reactive
ATP properties
Release energy in small manageable amounts-No energy wasted so cell less likely to run out of resources.Glucosae would release large amounts so energy is wasted
ATP is small and soluble so can easily move around cytoplasm to provide energy for chemical reactions.So can glucose.
Only one bond needs to be hydrolysed to release energy so energy is immediately released.Glucose needs several bonds to be broken
ATP can transfer energy to another molecule by transferring one of its phosphate groups.Glycose has no phosphate groups so can’t
ATP can’t pass out of the cell so there’s always an immediate energy supply.Glucose can so cell can run out
in the figure ATP synthase has 2 functions
•Catalyses the synthesis of ATP
•Allows movement of H+ ions
Suggest how the shape of ATP synthase allows it to have these functions t
Catalyse synthesis of ATP-
•Active site complementary to ADP+Pi
•Enzyme-substrate complex forms
Allows movement of H+ ions-
•Channel in enzyme
•Allows facilitated diffusion of H+
Explain why ATP is useful in many biological processes
•Releases energy in small manageable amounts
•Only one bond needs breaking for energy to be available
•Lowers activation energy
•Reformed
