3.1.7

Question 1

macronutrients

Answer 1

nutrient that is needed by the body in relatively large amounts

Question 2

carbohydrate functions

Answer 2

body’s preferred fuel source for energy.

provides brain and CNS with a continuous supply of glucose to brain

Question 3

carbohydrate food source

Answer 3

pasta.
multigrain bread.
vegetables such as potato

Question 4

fibre

Answer 4

made up of indigestible part of plant matter

Question 5

fibre functions

Answer 5

absorbs water in large intestine, add bulk to faeces, thus reducing constipation.
feelings of fullness/satiety

Question 6

protein function

Answer 6

necessary for healthy growth, repair and maintenance of all body cells/tissues.
secondary fuel source for energy

Question 7

protein food source

Answer 7

animal: lean red meat.
poultry.
plant: nuts, oats

Question 8

fat function

Answer 8

fuel for energy.
helps maintain body temperature (insulate).
helps protect body organs

Question 9

Monounsaturated fats

Answer 9

increase HDL and lower LDL cholesterol transporter in blood

Question 10

Polyunsaturated fats

Answer 10

maintain level of HDL and lower LDL cholesterol transporter in blood

Question 11

Saturated fats

Answer 11

increase LDL cholesterol in the blood

Question 12

Trans fats

Answer 12

increase LDL cholesterol transporter in blood and decrease HDL cholesterol

Question 13

monounsaturated fat food source

Answer 13

olive oil.

avocado

Question 14

polyunsaturated fats food source

Answer 14

omega 3: oily fish, canola oil.

omega 6: nuts (almonds), seeds

Question 15

saturated fats food source

Answer 15

fatty meats.
full dairy products.
deep friend goods

Question 16

trans fats food source

Answer 16

processed foods: pastries, cakes.
fatty meats.
margarines

Question 17

cholesterol

Answer 17

waxy fat-like substance found in saturated fats.
helps form cell membranes.
not water soluble so liver packages it inside lipoproteins for transportation through blood

Question 18

HDL (high density lipoproteins)

Answer 18

‘good’ health cholesterol.
carries cholesterol from the blood back to the liver for elimination.
helps remove plaque build-up from arteries

Question 19

LDL (low density lipoproteins)

Answer 19

‘bad’ lousy cholesterol.

carries most cholesterol in blood, deposits in arteries leading up to plaque build up

Question 20

micronutrients

Answer 20

nutrient that is required by the body in small amounts

Question 21

calcium function

Answer 21

essential for construction and maintenance of strong bones (and teeth) thus helps reduce risk of osteoporosis

Question 22

calcium food sources

Answer 22

milk.
cheese.
yoghurt

Question 23

phosphorus functions

Answer 23

combines with calcium to form calcium phosphate for construction and maintenance of strong bones (and teeth) thus helps reduce risk of osteoporosis

Question 24

phosphorus food sources

Answer 24

milk.
meat.
eggs

Question 25

sodium functions

Answer 25

assists with regulation of fluids in the body, thus helps regulate blood volume and pressure

Question 26

sodium food sources

Answer 26

``` processed foods (vegemite, ham). table salt ```

Question 27

vitamin D function

Answer 27

essential for absorption, regulation and use of calcium and phosphorus needed in growth and maintenance of strong bones (and teeth) this helps reduce the risk of osteoporosis

Question 28

vitamin D food sources

Answer 28

butter. cream. salmon

Question 29

water functions

Answer 29

important for all chemical reactions to occur in body as every bodily function requires water. helps transport nutrients to cells. helps lubricate joints

Question 30

water food sources

Answer 30

tap water. milk. watermelon