3.2.10 - Structured programming and subroutines (procedures and functions)

Question 1

Subroutines

Answer 1

A named block of code that performs a specific task and can be reused throughout a program.

Question 2

Advantages of subroutines

Answer 2

Reduces repetition
Makes code easier to read, test, and maintain
Allows reuse in other programs

Question 3

Parameters

Answer 3

A variable passed into a subroutine. It allows data to be passed from the main program to the subroutine.

def greet(name) - name is the parameter

Question 4

Procedure

Answer 4

A procedure is a subroutine that performs a task but does not return a value.

python:
def greet(name):
print(“Hello”, name)

pseudocode:
PROCEDURE greet(name)
OUTPUT “Hello “ + name
ENDPROCEDURE

Question 5

Function

Answer 5

A subroutine that performs a task and returns a value to where it was called.

python:
def square(num):
return num * num

pseudocde:
FUNCTION square(num)
RETURN num * num
ENDFUNCTION

Question 6

Local variable

Answer 6

A variable declared inside a subroutine.
It can only be used within that subroutine.

def example():
x = 5 # local to this function

Question 7

Global variable

Answer 7

A variable declared outside any subroutine and accessible from anywhere in the program.

x = 5

def show():
print(x) # accesses global x

Question 8

Why should you use local variables instead of global ones?

Answer 8

Prevent accidental changes
Keeps subroutines self-contained
Improves readability and reduces bugs