3.2.1.4 - Structure of Prokaryotic Cells

Question 1

Identify the missing label.

Answer 1

Attachment protein

Question 2

The nucleic acid in a virus is enclosed within a protein coat called a…

Answer 2

capsid

Question 3

Do prokaryotes have a nucelus?

Answer 3

No

Question 4

Most of the success of bacteria is down to…

Answer 4

their small size

Question 5

Plasmids are useful to scientists when they perform

Answer 5

genetic engineering e.g. transfer of human insulin gene to bacterial cells.

Question 6

Sometimes a virus will have an additional layer of lipid called a..

Answer 6

lipid envelope

Question 7

How do bacteria store energy?

Answer 7

• Glycogen granules
• Oil droplets

Question 8

Describe the structure of the genetic information of a prokaryotic cell.

Answer 8

• Main circular strand of DNA not in a nucleus
• Smaller circular pieces of DNA (plasmids)

Question 9

What is the function of a plasmid?

Answer 9

Small, self replicating circles of DNA that give bbacteria resistance to antibiotics.

Question 10

Attachment proteins can be found where on a virus?

Answer 10

• In the lipid envelope (if the virus has one)
• In the capsid (if the virus does not have a lipid envelope.

Question 11

What are the main differences between eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells?

Answer 11

• Eukaryotic cells are larger
• The DNA of Eukaryotic cells is found in a nucleus.
• Eukaryotic cells have organelles with membranes (mitochondria/chloroplasts etc.)

Question 12

Identify the missing label.

Answer 12

Large circle of DNA

Question 13

What is meant by a membrane bound organelle?

Answer 13

An organelles that has its own phospholipid bilayer.

Question 14

Identify the missing label.

Answer 14

Lipid envelope

Question 15

Identify the membrane bound organelles of a eukaroytic cell that would not be present in a prokaryotic cell.

Answer 15

• Mitochondrion
• Chloroplasts
• Nucleus
• Endoplasmic reticulum
• Golgi apparatus
• Vacuoles
• Lysosomes

Question 16

Identify the missing label.

Answer 16

Genetic material (RNA)

Question 17

Identify the missing label.

Answer 17

Cell-surface membrane

Question 18

Identify the missing label.

Answer 18

Capsule

Question 19

Identify the missing label.

Answer 19

Reverse transcriptase enzyme

Question 20

Identify the missing label.

Answer 20

Cell wall (containing murein)

Question 21

The outer layer of mucilagionus slime around a bacterial cell is called the…

Answer 21

capsule

Question 22

Do prokaryotic cells contain membrane-bounded organelles e.g. mitochondrion?

Answer 22

No

Question 23

How small are bacteria?

Answer 23

0.1-10 µm

Question 24

Are viruses generally bigger or smaller than bacteria?

Answer 24

smaller

Question 25

The cell wall of bacteria contains a peptidoglycan (polysaccharide chains with peptide cross-links) called...

Answer 25

murein

Question 26

How big is a virus?

Answer 26

20-300 nm

Question 27

Give an example of a prokaryote

Answer 27

Bacteria

Question 28

Are viruses alive?

Answer 28

No as they cannot reproduce without a host. (think MRS GREN)

Question 29

Identify the missing label.

Answer 29

Ribosome

Question 30

What is the function of the attachment proteins on a virus?

Answer 30

* Identificaiton of a host cell. * Attachment to a host cell

Question 31

How can some bacterial cells perform photosynthesis if they do not contain chloroplasts?

Answer 31

They contain 'bacterial chlorophyll' which is associated with the memrbane of the bacterial cell.

Question 32

Is the DNA of a prokaryotic cell associated with proteins (histones)?

Answer 32

No

Question 33

Identify the missing label.

Answer 33

Plasmid

Question 34

Identify the missing label.

Answer 34

Matrix

Question 35

Identify the missing label.

Answer 35

Cytoplasm

Question 36

Prokaryotic cells contain ______ ribosomes. These are smaller than 80S ribsomes that are found in eukaryotic cells.

Answer 36

70S

Question 37

Identify the missing label.

Answer 37

Capsid