Tieman - Clinical Correlations of the GI tract CIS I

Question 1

Define hematemesis

Answer 1

Emesis containing blood (throwing up blood); may result from bleeding into the lumen of the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum proximal to the ligament of Treitz

Question 2

Common causes of hematemesis

Answer 2

Duodenal ulcers, gastric ulcers, or esophageal varices

Question 3

What is the lymphatic drainage of pancreas?

Answer 3

Celiac trunk to intestinal trunk to cisterna chyli to thoracic duct

Question 4

Between which two layers of the abdominal wall is the hernia sac located?

Answer 4

anterior portion = external abdominal oblique aponeurosis

posterior portion = tranversalis fascia

Question 5

Which abdominal wall layers must be transected to reach the hernia (starting at the skin)?

Answer 5

skin, Camper’s, Scarpa’s, EAO aponeurosis

Question 6

Which nerves and/or vessels are at risk for injury? Which structures, if this were a male?

Answer 6

Ilioinguinal nerve

Inferior epigastric vessels (near internal (deep) ring)

Question 7

The hernia is protruding through the deep inguinal ring. What type is it?

Answer 7

Indirect

Question 8

What embryological structure makes up the hernia sac?

Answer 8

The processus vaginalis

Question 9

If it were direct, which anatomical area would it transgress?

Answer 9

medial inguinal fossa

Question 10

Which abdominal muscle layer gives rise to the cremasteric muscle?

Answer 10

Internal abdominal oblique

Question 11

Pattern for reading abdominal radiographs?

Answer 11

“Masses, gasses, stones, bones, surgical cases and lung bases”