3236 Waste Flashcards
(43 cards)
How much does waste energy increase by a year?
7%
Why is waste increasing?
Due to population growth, economic growth, urbanisation and rising living standards.
What issues does waste cause?
Inadequate waste disposal can lead to air pollution or water contamination
12% methane gas comes from landfills
It accounts for 5% of global warming
It’s hard to deal with
What’s domestic waste and what types come from it?
Household
Food, paper, cardboard, plastic, electrical waste and paints
What’s industrial waste and what comes from it?
Light and heavy manufacturing, construction sites and fabrication
Demolition, packaging, ashes and hazardous waste
What’s commercial waste and what comes from it?
Shops, hotels, restaurants and offices
Paper, wood, plastics, glass, metals, hazardous waste, e-waste,food and special waste
What’s institutional waste and what comes from it?
Schools, hospitals, prisons, air-ports
Same as commercial
What’s urban services and what comes from it?
Street-cleaning, beaches and land-scaping
Sweepings, tree trimmings, general waste from parks/beaches
What’s construction and demolition and what comes from it?
Road repair, new sites and renovation sites
Wood, steel, concrete, dirt, tiles and bricks
What’s MSW? Give examples
Municipal solid waste e.g biodegradable waste, inert waste and toxic waste
How has MSW varied over time?
Because in the 20th century domestic waste mainly consisted of coal and ash. But now it consists of food, plastics and textile materials. Mainly in HICs
What’s a waste stream?
A waste stream is the complete flow from its source through to its final place (recovery, recycling etc)
What environmental issues are caused by improper dumping?
Loss of recyclable resources
Contamination of land and water bodies
Air pollution due to emissions from burning
Loss of potential resources such as compost
Multiple risk to human health
Why is waste higher in HICs?
Because it tends to be greater where disposable income and living standards are higher. As they can afford more
Why is there a lot of waste produced in MICs?
Because they’re going through rapid urbanisation and in the midst of economic growth. Consumption takes over sustainability and it’s not controlled until the city is wealthy.
What factors affect the composition of waste?
Geographical location Climate Energy sources Cultural norms Level of economic development
What does WEEE stand for?
Waste electrical and electronic equipment
What are the impacts of increasing waster generation?
Health problems from untreated waste
Water ground and air pollution
Costs of treating and collecting waste are high
Quantity in 2012 30-60% of waster in Cairo was uncollected
Cities running out of landfill space
What’s classed as waste diversion?
Reduce Reuse Recycle Recover (digestion) Landfill
What’s classed as waste disposal?
Incineration
Controlled dumping
How can waste be reduced?
Waste related legislation
Education
Financial incentives
What’s the worlds fastest growing waste stream?
Guiyu’s town of electronic waste.
List 10 facts about Manila, Philippines(NEE)
10% of waste is recycled or composted
Thousands of tonnes to MSW generated daily to dispose of
4/5th is collected and taken to a landfill the rest is burnt/dumped illegally
Payatas is Manilas biggest landfill site
6 mountains of rubbish 10s of metres high, covering 200 hectares
Opened in 1973 remains open despite the fact it was closed
Rainstorm in July 2000 killed over 200 people
Over 80,000 slum dwellers live around Payatas
They live blighted by the stench and contaminated drinking water
Over 4000 waste pickers face severe health problems such as Typhoid
Where is Guiyu?
It’s a town in Guangdong province in China
