3.2.4.5 Drugs in sport

Question 1

Drug

Answer 1

chemical substance that affects way body works

Question 2

Performance enhancing drug (PED)

Answer 2

used to gain adv e.g. run faster (doping)

Question 3

Doping

Answer 3

use of banned PEDs by athletic competitors

Question 4

Beta Blockers

Answer 4

slow down heart
block hormone adrenaline (block bind to nerve receptors)
e.g. archery, snooker, golf
calms, anxiety
decrease muscle tension& BP = fine motor control & precision steadying nerves (increase accuracy/precision)

Question 5

Anabolic steroids

Answer 5

mimic effect of male hormone testosterone
promote muscle growth e.g THG
increase strength, power, aggression
less fat/lean body weight = decrease recovery time
e.g. strength/power athletes sprinters Dwaine Chambers

Question 6

Erythropoietin (EPO)

Answer 6

artificially - natural hormone produced by kidneys
increase no of RBCs (increase aerobic & O2 carrying capacity) = endurance, delays fatigue
e.g. endurance performers, cyclist/runners
e.g. Lance Armstrong

Question 7

Side effects of anabolic steroids

Answer 7

liver/kidney damage, heart and immune system issues
excessive aggression
masculinisation of women and acne

Question 8

Side effects of EPO

Answer 8

blood clotting and thickening

strokes and heart attacks

Question 9

Side effects of Beta Blockers

Answer 9

nausea/tiredness from low BP and HR

decreased aerobic capacity = heart failure

Question 10

6 social reasons for taking PEDs

Answer 10

1. pressure
2. lack of deterrence (benefits outweigh)
3. fame/sponsors
4. win at all costs
5. poor role models
6. back from injury/recovery

Question 11

psychological reasons for taking PEDs

Answer 11

1. beta blockers = steady nerves
2. anabolic = aggression/arousal (weightlifting)
3. stimulants = confidence/mental alertness

Question 12

5 positive implications for performers taking PEDs

Answer 12

1. performance level
2. physiological adaptions
3. psychological adaptions
4. win titles/break records -> fame
5. funding (sponsors)

Question 13

8 negative implications for performers taking PEDs

Answer 13

1. damage future careers
2. physiological implications
3. psychological implications
4. lose sponsors
5. bans/prison
6. suspicion/ -ve image/ bad rep/ branded cheat
7. poor role model
8. lose titles

Question 14

3 positive implications of taking PEDs for the sport

Answer 14

1. exciting spectators =watch=money = participate
2. records made/broken (if not caught)
3. money from NGBs, sponsors (not caught)

Question 15

5 negative implications of taking PEDs for the sport

Answer 15

1. suspicion of clean athletes
   Farah World Champ 2015
   Froome Tour de France 2015
2. money on testing rather facilities/coaching
3. not caught = unbeatable records not broken
4. sports linked cheats (athletics/cycling) = rep
5. doping/drugs threaten integrity & spirit of sport

Question 16

NADOs

Answer 16

national anti doping organisations
government funded organisations responsible for

1. testing athletes in and out of competition
2. acts upon anti doping rules violations

Question 17

strategies to eliminate PEDs

DOPING

Answer 17

1. Drug free (100% ME programme)
2. Organisations enforcement/detection (WADA)
3. Punishments harsh
4. Investment = new tech detect/testing
5. Name & shame negative role models
6. Guilty lose sponsorship deals/funding

(promote clean athletes)

Question 18

WADA

Answer 18

World anti doping agency
educate athletes, parents, coaches on implication of drug taking
enforce stricter testing procedures & work with law enforcers (“whereabouts system) = athletes state whereabouts located any time for drug testing without notice

Question 19

UK sport

Answer 19

work alongside UKAD & WADA in a co-ordinated manner and assist with development of drug testing and detecting

Question 20

UKAD (anti doping in sport)

Answer 20

administers drug taking in over 40 sports
educate performers with their 100% ME programme, which promotes ethics and fairness in their sport
investment in drug detection technology