Haematology Flashcards
What would stop you administrating a blood transfusion?
Signs of impending sepsis:
Increasing hyptension with fever
What to do if patient if having allergic reaction to transfusion?
Slow the rate down and add chloramphenamine
Commonest cause of microcytic anaemia?
Iron deficiency
A pt is on warfarin, what do you do if INR is >8?
Stop warfarin and add vit K
If <8 then simply stop warfarin and monitor
`Symptoms of folate deficiency?
Lethargy and intermittent abdo pain
Weight loss
Use anti-endomysial antibodies
Presentation of myeloma? Investigations?
unexplain backache + pathological # + recurrent bacterial infection
Investigate with bone marrow aspirate and Ig profile
How would you investigate an anaemia with HIGH MCV?
TFTs, B12, Folate, reticulocytes
Key investigations in Pernicious anaemia?
B12 and anti-gastric parietal cell antibodies
The commonest cause if autoimmune atrophic gastritis
Which cell proliferates uncontrollably in MYELOMA?
Plasma cells
Jehovah’s witnesses - if they refuse transfusions what must you do?
You have to record decision and have it signed by patient with a witness therefore overriding any change in capacity, and any desire for medical professionals to treat in patients best interest
What is a haematological complication of mycoplasm pneumoniae infection?
Autoimmune haemolytic anaemia - order Coomb’s test
What syndrome can anti-phospholipid syndrome occur with and and which blood test do you order?
SLE, blood tests will show anti-cardiolipin and SLE antibodies, thrombocytopeania and prolonged aPTT
What is a potentially severe side effect of heparin?
Heparin induced thrombocytopenia (HIT)
1-5% occurance in patients on heparin and takes 4 days to develop
