Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

oceanography > Quiz 3 > Flashcards

Quiz 3 Flashcards

0
Q

change in temp and salinity in water

controlled by thermocline and halocline

A

pycnocline –> strong slope

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
1
Q

Means strong slope

A

Pycnocline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

describes how temp of water changes

A

thermocline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

describes change in salinity

A

halocline

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

average ocean temp

A

39 degrees F

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

any body of water with specific temp, salinity and density characteristics

A

water mass

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

below about ….. water is all about the same in relation to……

A

below about 2000m water is all about the same in relation to TEMP and SALINITY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

occurs when energy leaves one material and enters another at an angle
:looking into fish tank

A

refraction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

only color in ocean that lasts

A

blue

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

:zone where theres enough light to see colors
: 100-600m in clear water
: 40m coastal waters (sediment cloudy and stirred)

A

photic zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

below photic zone

zone where theres not enough light to see

A

aphotic zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

energy is sent off into different direction

A

scattering

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

energy goes back the same way it came

A

reflecting

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

energy goes into object

A

absorption

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

speed of sound is 5x faster in ……..than ……

A

speed of sound is 5x faster in WATER than AIR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

speed of sound in water

A

1500m/sec

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the higher sound velocity of the higher part of the ocean is due to

A

a higher salinity of the water

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

minimum sound velocity

A

sofar layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

sound made in layer stays in layer cuhs its pulled back thru refraction

A

sound minimum zone (sofar layer)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

SOFAR

A

sound fixing and ranging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

sound curves away from zone

A

max sound velocity layer

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

water cycle

A
  1. Evaporation
  2. Condensation
  3. Precipitation
  4. Ground water
  5. Run off
  6. Transportation
  7. Respiration
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

first to study water

“discovered” water in 1783

A

Antoine- Laurent Lavolsier

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

sea water is made of (elements)

A

hydrogen
oxygen
sodium
chlorine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

gases in water

A

carbon dioxide
nitrogen
oxygen
***cold water holds more gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

where does salt in seawater come from

A
  1. crustal rocks
  2. excess volatiles- volcanoes
  3. hydrothermal vents on mid ocean ridges
  4. mineral formation
  5. biological effects
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

biological effects –> salt in sea water

A
  1. formation of skeletons and shells

2. dissolution of dead organisms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

suggested that all world’s oceans should have same chemistry

:principle of constant proportions

A

Forchammer’s Principle

28
Q

confirmed Forchammer’s principle

A

William Dittmar

29
Q

how we measure salinity

A
  1. chemically
  2. electronic salinometer
  3. optical salinometer
  4. TDS meter (total dissolved solids)
  5. Evaporation
30
Q

developed idea of residence time

:a steady state ocean

A

T. F. W. Barth

31
Q

idea of residence time

A

a steady state ocean

32
Q

sea water residence time

A

4100 yrs

33
Q

what affects residence time

A
  1. chemical activity of the atom
  2. precipitation of minerals
  3. biological activity
  4. plate tectonics
34
Q

elements that have a long residence time

:less active

A

conservative elements

35
Q

elements that have a short residence time

:more active

A

nonconservative elements

36
Q

what is neither conservative nor nonconservative

A

water

37
Q

nonconservative elements

A

magnesium
iron
aluminum

38
Q

conservative elements

A

sodium

chlorine

39
Q

how fast are the oceans mixed

A

about 1600yr

40
Q

as depth increase oxygen ….. and carbon dioxide ….

A

O2 –> decreases

CO2 –> increases

41
Q

causes more O2 at a higher depth

A

more plants –> photosynthesis

42
Q

causes more CO2 at lower depth

A

animals

43
Q

sea water is acidic or basic

A

basic

44
Q

balances pH of oceans so it remains constant

A

Bicarb ion: HCO3-

45
Q

pH of upper surface of sea

A

more basic –> due to photosynthesis

46
Q

change in temp with elevation

A

adiabatic temp change

47
Q

caused by Earth’s tilt on axis

A

seasons

48
Q

:occur with north pole and South Pole having light

:sun is vertical at equator

A

equinox

49
Q

dates of equinox

A

3/20

9/22 & 23

50
Q

sun is vertical at 23 1/2 degrees north or south latitude

A

solstice

51
Q

solstice dates

A

6/21 & 22

12/21 & 22

52
Q

molecule to molecule transfer of energy (heat)

A

conduction

53
Q

energy moves as waves

A

radiation

54
Q

mass movement of hot material from one location to another

A

convection

55
Q

***most efficient means of heat (energy) transport

A

convection

56
Q

:difference in velocity of one place and another

: as air comes into equatorial regions, atmosphere warms and rises forcing air north and south to curve

A

coriolis effect

57
Q

wind is named for the direction it blows….

A

from

58
Q

ITCZ

A

intertropical convergence zone

59
Q

:where southeast trades meet northeast trades

:near equator

A

ITCZ

60
Q

:developed idea of fronts

A

Vilhelm Bjerknes

61
Q

cold front causes

A

thunderstorms

62
Q

warm front causes

A

precipitation

63
Q

name of scale for hurricanes

A

Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale

64
Q

how do hurricanes destroy

A

wind
rain
storm surge
tornadoes

65
Q

how hurricanes are named in atlantic

A

hurricanes

66
Q

how hurricanes are named in pacific

A

typhoons

67
Q

how hurricanes are named in indian

A

tropical cyclones

68
Q

how hurricanes are named in australia

A

willy willys

oceanography (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions