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Microbiology Block 1 > DNA Enveloped (EBV,KSHV, CMV, HHV6, HHV7) > Flashcards

DNA Enveloped (EBV,KSHV, CMV, HHV6, HHV7) Flashcards

1
Q

what is the biology of EBV?

A

envelped double stranded DNA

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2
Q

what cells does EBV target for primary infection?

A

muco-epithelial and B cells

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3
Q

what cells does EBV select to remain latent and for secondary infection?

A

B cells

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4
Q

what does EBV use to immortalize b cells?

A

EBNA (epstein bar nuclear antigen)

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5
Q

how do you treat EBV?

A

no vaccine, no treatment

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6
Q

how do you diagnose EBV?

A

fever

hepato-splenomegaly

swollen lymp nodes

white patches in the tonsils

macular rash

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7
Q

how do you confirm a diagnosis of EBV?

A

Atypical Downey cells

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8
Q

how do you know if an infection of EBV is current or re-current?

A

current = anti-VCA IgM

recurrent = anti-EBNA IgG

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9
Q

what is this?

A

Atypical Downey cell in EBV

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10
Q

what non-histological test can be used to confirm diagnosis of EBV?

A

heterophile monospot test

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11
Q

what complications can occur with EBV?

A

1) Ora hairy leukoplakia
2) Hodgkins lymphoma
3) Burkitt’s lymphoma
4) nasopharyngeal lymphoma

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12
Q

how is EBV transmitted?

A

by saliva

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13
Q

when is EBV mostly seen?

A

as infectious mononucleosis in college era (15-20’s)

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14
Q

what is needed to contain an infection of EBV? and what is the consequence?

A

cell mediated response is needed but in will cause damage to our cells leading to inflammation

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15
Q

why does EBV cause sore throat?

A

because of the destruction of epithelial cells

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16
Q

why do atypical downey cells appear?

A

due to T cell activation and proliferation having atypical appearance

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17
Q

infectious mononucleosis is another name for what?

A

EBV

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18
Q

infectious mononucleosis macular rash is seen in what part of the body?

A

from the trunk to head and forearms

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19
Q

what do you not give to infectious mononucleosis patients with macular rash?

A

antibiotics because it exacerbates the rash (hypersensitivity)

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20
Q

when EBV infects B cells, what gets secreted?

A

heterophile antibodies

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21
Q

what test can be used to confirm presence of heterophile antibodies?

A

monospot test

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22
Q

monospot test can differentiate between what 2 viruses?

A

CMV or EBV

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23
Q

anti-EBNA is indicative of what?

A

past infection and not active infection

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24
Q

what is anti-VCA a definitive of?

A

definitive infection of EBV

25
Q

what is this?

A

oral hairy leukoplakia

26
Q

what is this?

A

hodgkins lymphoma

27
Q

what is this?

A

burkitts lymphoma

28
Q

in what patients is Kaposi sarcoma most common?

A

AIDS patients

29
Q

HHV-8 is what?

A

kaposi sarcoma

30
Q

what symptom is mostly seen in kaposi sarcoma?

A

Red or violet or salmon pink to silver grey macules or nodules

31
Q

what does the kaposi sarcoma virus lytic infection do?

A

it releases viral proteins, activate the vascular G protein causes angiogenesis and tumor formation

32
Q

what is this? what virus?

A

red papules in kaposi sarcoma, HHV-8

33
Q

how is kaposi sarcoma treated?

A

no treatment, no vaccine, no control

34
Q

what is the biology of cytomegalovirus?

A

it is a enveloped double stranded DNA virus

35
Q

how is CMV transmitted?

A

mom to fetus

transplants

body fluids

36
Q

what cells does CMV target?

A

mononuclear cells like T cells or macrophages

37
Q

what cell does CMV target to remain latent?

A

Hematopoetic stem cells

38
Q

what is the treatment for CMV?

A

Gancyclovir

39
Q

what is the clinical presentation of CMV?

A

fever

swollen lymph nodes

hepato-splenomegaly

40
Q

how do you confirm a diagnosis of CMV?

A

histological owl eye intracnuclear inclusion

41
Q

what is this?

A

owl eye intranuclear inclusion

42
Q

what complications can occur with CMV?

A

cytomegalo-inclusion disease

keratitis

43
Q

which are normal, which are CMV?

A

CMV are huge cells

44
Q

what cell will CMV impair?

A

T cells

45
Q

do you have heterophile immune cells with CMV?

A

no, B cells are unaffected

46
Q

what is curious about CMV?

A

we all get it and it remains latent

47
Q

what can trigger CMV activation?

A

immuno-compromised individuals

infection

pregnancy

48
Q

when is cytomegalo-inclusion disease most commonly seen?

A

neonates, because they lack cell mediated immunity

49
Q

when does CMV cause multisite symptomatic disease?

A

in transplant or AIDS patients

50
Q

how does CMV evade the hosts defense mechanism?

A

Blocks NK recognition

Blocks NK activation

Blocks TAP (MHC Class I)

Encodes IL-10 analog thus preventing Th1 activity

51
Q

what is the most common in-utero infection in the US?

A

CMV

52
Q

what symptoms are seen in neonates with CID from CMV?

A

petachiae

jaundice

hepato-splenomegaly

thrombocytopenia (blue-berry muffin baby)

53
Q

what symptoms are seen in AIDS or transplant patients with CMV?

A

pneumonia

gastritis/colitis

retinitis

54
Q

how is CMV detected?

A

direct immuno-florescence

55
Q

what does HHV-6 cause?

A

roseola infantum

56
Q

what is HHV-7?

A

exanthem subitum

57
Q

who is susceptible to develop roseola or exanthem subitum?

A

kids less than 2 y/o

58
Q

what is the treatment for HHV-6/7?

A

none, it goes away alone

59
Q

what is the clinical presentation for HHV-6/7?

A

sudden high fever and lacy rose-red maculo-papular rash 2 after fever goes away

Microbiology Block 1 (16 decks)

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