Ch 2 Key Terms

Question 0

CHON

Answer 0

Oxygen 65%
Carbon 18.5%
Hydrogen 9.5%
Nitrogen 3.3%

Question 1

Element

Answer 1

Substance that can’t be reduced to any other compound

Question 2

Protons

Answer 2

Determine atomic #

Question 3

Neutrons

Answer 3

With protons=atomic weight

Question 4

Nucleus

Answer 4

Contains protons neutrons

Question 5

Protons +
Neutrons 0
Electrons -

Answer 5

protons = #electrons

Question 6

Isotope

Answer 6

Diff number of neutrons in same element

Question 7

Radiometric dating

Answer 7

Decay rates of various isotopes for estimating the absolute age of same types of matter

14Carbon decays into protons

Question 8

Know this!

Answer 8

Electrons orbit at specific energy levels

Each level must be filled

Question 9

Octet rule

Answer 9

Atoms form bonds as they seek a lowest energy state

Achieved when atoms Fill outershell
Shell contains eight

Question 10

Covalent bonds

Answer 10

Polar and non polar
When electrons are shared
Polarity when electrons are not equally shared

Question 11

Fats carbs

Answer 11

Non polar

Question 12

Hydrogen

Answer 12

Already covalently bonded hydrogen Atom with electronegative Atom

• DNA and proteins
• weak but needed

Question 13

Properties of water

Answer 13

Good solvent, cohesion, adhesion, high specific heat, solid water is less dense then liquid

Question 14

Buffers

Answer 14

Weak acids or bases

Prevent sudden changes in ph

Question 15

The big 4

Answer 15

Carbs
Proteins
Nucleic acids
Lipids

Question 16

Monosaccharide

Answer 16

Glucose

One sugar unit

Question 17

Disaccharide

Answer 17

Sucrose

2 sugar unit

Question 18

Polysaccharide

Answer 18

Starch, glycogen