3.3 Haloalkanes

Question 1

Functional group bond

Answer 1

C-X
C is more elecrronegative
Unsymetrical charge, permanent dipole
C is delta positive
X is delta negative

Question 2

O zone depletion

Answer 2

Ozone stops harmful uv rays entering
reacts with CFCs from fridges and aerosols
Cl2FC --> •ClFC + •Cl
O3 + •Cl --> O2 +ClO•
O3 + ClO• --> 2O2 + •Cl

2O3 –> 3O2

Question 3

Nucleophilic Substitution

Answer 3

Electron pair donar replaces halide
For OH, CN or NH3
CN lengthens alkane
NH3 can have multiple substitution so use excess NH3

Question 4

Elimination and conditions

Answer 4

OH- as a base
Forms alkene and water
Reacts with hydrogen adjacent to haloalkane
CONDITIONS high temp and alcoholic conditions