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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE > AIR > Flashcards

AIR Flashcards

0
Q

Causes of acid deposition

A

Burning of fossil fuels

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1
Q

3 Problems related to air

A

Acid deposition, photochemical smog, POP (persistent Organic pollutants)

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2
Q

What happens when fossil fuels are burned:

A

Nitrogen oxide and sulfur oxide are released into atmosphere

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3
Q

What happens to NOx and SOx in atmos?

A

NOx becomes HNO3 (nitric acid) and SOx become H2S04 (sulfuric acid)

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4
Q

How will dry acid deposition occur?

A

If HNO3 and H2SO4 mix with NH4 and soil to become sulfate and nitrate salts

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5
Q

What causes photochemical smog?

A

Burning of fossil fuels, releasing of NOx

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6
Q

What happens to NOx in PCS?

A

It become nitrogen dioxide

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7
Q

What happens to NO2 in PCS?

A

When exposed to sunlight it breaks back into NOx and has an extra Oxygen molecule

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8
Q

What happens to extra oxygen molecule in PCS?

A

It combines with O2 (oxygen) in atmosphere to produce O3 (ozone)

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9
Q

If NO2 combines with hydrocarbons?

A

PANS AND Aldehydes are produced

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10
Q

PANs?

A

Peroxyacetyl nitrates

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11
Q

Aldehyde?

A

Formaldehyde

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12
Q

POP?

A

Persistent organic pollutants

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13
Q

Effects of POP

A

Cancer, damaged nervous system, reproductive disorders, disruption of the immune system.

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14
Q

Characteristic of POPs?

A

Travel far from origin, circulate globally via oceans or atmosphere

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15
Q

Process taking place in POP

A

Biomagnification

16
Q

DDT

A

Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane— organochloride insecticide

17
Q

Types of indoor airbpollution

A
  1. Hydrocarbons (floorwax, glue, ink, paint, gasoline)
  2. Asbestos
  3. Pesticides/herbicides
  4. Biological agents (bacteria, fungi, pollen, dustbmites)
18
Q

Function of the rate of temperature decrease with height

A

Stability

19
Q

Lower layers of the atmosphere are nearly the same temperature or cooler than upper layers.

A

Stable (inversion)

20
Q

Lower layers of atmos are warmer and less dense than upper layers

A

Unstable

21
Q

Air pollution prevention measures

A

Pollution control!!

22
Q

Stationary sources of pollution control

A
  • reduce energy demand
  • use cleaner fuel
  • install equipment with lower emissions
  • install stack emissions control
23
Q

Stack emissions control

A

Cyclone for dust collection, bag filter, electrostatic precipitator

24
Q

Mobile sources for pollution control

A
  • use cleaner fuel (unleaded gas, low sulfur fuel, natural gas)
  • catalytic converter
  • alternative fuel
  • electric cars

ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE (6 decks)

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