states and properties Flashcards
solid
phase of matter which particles are packed together, definite shape
liquid
phase of matter which particles are able to move freely but still come into contact, takes the shape of its container
fluid
any matter that flows when force is applied, ex. liquid and gases
gas
phase of matter which particles are very spread out, have no definite shape/volume
kinetic molecular theory
particles are always moving
motion (ke) is directly related to absolute temperature (kelvin)
particles as a gas- exhibit no attractions to one another, bounce off each other, is relative to the volume a gas occupies
Bernoulli’s principle
fluid moving fast has lower pressure, fluid moving slow has high pressure
pressure exerted by a moving stream of fluid is less than its surrounding fluid
Pascal’s principle
when a force is applied to a confined fluid, the increase in pressure is transmitted equally to all parts of the fluid
Avogadro’s principle
relates volume and amount of gas particles, volume goes up amount of particles goes up / pressure and temp constant (direct relationship)
Boyle’s law
relates pressure and volume, pressure goes up volume goes down / amount of gas and temperature constant (inverse relationship)
Charles’ law
relates volume and temperature, volume goes up temperature goes up / amount of gas and pressure constant (direct relationship)
Dalton’s law
relates pressure and amount of particles, pressure goes up amount of particles goes up / volume and temperature constant (direct relationship)
pressure
amount of force exerted per unit area of a surface, more collisions more pressure/ less collisions less pressure
volume
amount of 3-dimensional space an object occupies
temperature
a measure of how hot or cold something is, average ke of particles in an object
evaporation
the change of state from a liquid to a gas
