matter bonding reactions

Question 1

element

Answer 1

substance that can’t be separated or broken down into simpler substances by chemical means

Question 2

compound

Answer 2

substance made up of 1 or more elements, joined by chemical bonds

Question 3

mixture

Answer 3

combination of two or more substances that are not chemically combined

Question 4

homogeneous mixture

Answer 4

mixture that looks the same, can’t tell things in it apart

Question 5

heterogeneous mixture

Answer 5

mixture that looks different, can tell things in it apart

Question 6

ionic compound

Answer 6

high melting point, crystalline, high boiling point, held together by strong ionic bonds, form conductive solutions when dissolved in water

Question 7

covalent compound

Answer 7

low melting points, most gases at room temperature, doesn’t form conductive solutions when dissolved in water

Question 8

covalent bond

Answer 8

bond formed when atoms share electrons

Question 9

ionic bond

Answer 9

bond formed when atoms transfer electrons

Question 10

chemical property

Answer 10

properties that change the identity of the substance, ex. reactivity, flammability

Question 11

physical property

Answer 11

properties that don’t change the identity of the substance, ex. color, density, melting point, solubility

Question 12

monoatomic ion

Answer 12

an ion made of one atom

Question 13

polyatomic ion

Answer 13

an ion made of two or more atoms

Question 14

endothermic

Answer 14

energy absorbed by reaction, surroundings become cooler

Question 15

exothermic

Answer 15

energy released by reaction, surroundings become warmer

Question 16

chemical equation

Answer 16

a representation of a chemical reaction that uses symbols to show the relationship between the reactants and the products

Question 17

law of conservation of matter

Answer 17

matter cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred

Question 18

combustion

Answer 18

the oxidation reaction of an organic compound in which heat is released, CxHy + O2 —> CO2 + H2O

Question 19

nomenclature

Answer 19

the naming of something

Question 20

pure substance

Answer 20

a sample of matter, either a single element or a single compound, that has definite chemical and physical properties

Question 21

synthesis

Answer 21

A + B —> AB

a reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new compound

Question 22

decomposition

Answer 22

AB —> A + B

a reaction in which a single compound breaks down to form two or more simpler substances

Question 23

single replacement

Answer 23

A + BC —> B + AC

a reaction in which one element or radical takes the place of another element or radical in a compound

Question 24

double replacement

Answer 24

AB + CD —> CB + AD
a reaction in which a gas, a solid precipitate, or a molecular compound forms from the apparent exchange of atoms or ions between two compounds