Immobility 1 Flashcards
What is immobility?
Individuals who have inactive lifestyles or who are faced with inactivity because of illness or injury are at risk for many problems that can affect major body systems.
inability to move about freely
Mobility?
a person’s ability to move about freely
Deconditioning?
out of shape
muscle wasting and progressive loss of function
Alterations in the level of physical mobility can result from?
prescribed restriction of movement in the form of bed rest
physical restriction of movement because of external devices( cast)
voluntary restriction of movement
impairment of motor or skeletal function.
Total immobility as in bed rest and can produce complications including ?
bedsores, pneumonia, or contractures
common complication of partial immobility or impaired physical mobility?
edema, thrombus
Bed Rest?
Pt is restricted to bed rest for therapeutic reasons
The general objectives of bed rest?
To reduce physical activity and the oxygen needs of the body
To reduce pain, including post op pain , and the need for large doses of analgesics
To promote safety for pts recovering from the effects of anaesthetics or who are sedated
To allow pts who are ill or debilitated to rest
To allow pts who are exhausted the opportunity for uninterrupted rest
Pathological influences on Mobility?
Impaired muscle development: eg. muscular dystrophy
Direct trauma to the musculoskeletal system : eg. fractures
Damage to the Central nervous system: eg. head injury, stroke
Postural Abnormalities: eg. scoliosis
Causes of Immobility?
Bone surgery (Knee replacements, Hip replacements) Abdominal Surgery
Common Joint Surgical Procedures indications?
Relieving chronic pain
Improving joint motion
Correcting deformities & malalignment
Removing intra- articular causes of erosion
Movement of a painful joint is often avoided , and if not corrected contraction with permanent limitation of motion often occurs ( contractures)
Types of joint surgeries?
Synovectomy
Debridement
Arthroplasty
Synovectomy?
removal of the synovial membrane for pt with Rheumatoid arthritis
Debridement?
removal of degenerative debris such as loose bodies, osteophytes, joint debris, and degenerative menisci from a joint. Also termed arthroscopy.
Arthroplasty?
reconstruction or replacement of a joint to relieve pain, improve or maintain range of motion and correct deformities.
Most commonly in pts with Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid arthritis.
Nursing intervention for impaired physical mobility?
Exercise therapy for joint mobility and ambulation
impaired mobility after THA/TKA
related to pain , stiffness, and physical deconditioning as evidenced by limited joint movement, difficulty ambulating, inability to participate in physical rehabilitation, and guarded movement.
Why are elderly more at risk?
With the longer life expectancy, the incidence of disease and disability continues to grow (i.e. strokes, leg fracture, trauma, morbid obesity, multiple sclerosis)
Mobility is also related to body changes from aging. Loss of muscle mass, reduction in muscle strength and function, joints becoming stiffer and less mobile, and gait changes affecting balance can significantly compromise the mobility of elder patients.
Related Factors: Activity intolerance (pneumonia) Perceptual or cognitive impairment Musculoskeletal impairment Neuromuscular impairment Medical restrictions Prolonged bed rest Limited strength Pain or discomfort Depression or severe anxiety
Effects on Mobility : Any disorder which impairs?
Respiratory System (pneumonia) Musculoskeletal System (sprain, turning the wrong way) Cardiovascular System(low BP, high BP, complete heart block) Metabolic System (thyroid)
