CAL - Respiratory Pathology Quiz Flashcards
Where are ciliated epithelial cells?
respiratory bronchioles - not interspersed with goblet cells as with the conducting parts of the respiratory system
What is the most susceptible part of respiratory mucosa to infection?
bronchiole-alveolar junction
What cells are important in pathogenesis of primary atelectasis?
type 2 epithelial cell/ type 2 pneumocyte. also respond rapidly to type 1 cell damage by proliferating
What happens to alveolar macrophages after ingesting matter?
pass into airways, trapped in mucus, carried to larynx, coughed up or swallowed. Some enter lymphatics
What is a clara cell?
club shaped cell = bronchiolar exocrine cells
- non-ciliated, dome shaped, line terminal bronchioles, most numerous in distal bronchiole, produce component of surfactant, contain detoxifying enzymes, can acts as stem cells so can replace damaged cells.
What might cause downgrowth of epidermial hyperplasia towards dermis??
- inflammatory polyp
- SCC
- allergic rhinitis
- haematoma
- mycotic rhinitis
Histology - severe RAO/ chronic bronchiolitis emphysema
- plasma cell aggregation, lymphocytes and eosinophils around bronchioles
- smooth mm hypertrophy
- mucus accumulation –> obstruction –> alveolar emphysea
Define histiocytosis
abnormal number of immune cells called histiocytes
Which mm hypertrophy to cause heaves lines?
lateral and external abdominal olique muscles
Describe a lung in a chronic stage of infection
- pale
- very nodular
- emphysema
- atelectasis
- pockets of inflammatory cells and exudate
- bronchiectasis (partial rupture of bronchiolar walls)
- interstitial fibrosis
- pallor and nodularity
- firm and will not collapse
Describe a lung in the sub-acute phase of infection
- dark red (leaked blood and fibrin)
- slightly undulating surface
- emphsema
- atelectasis
Describe a lung in acute phase of infection
- dark red (active hyperaemia)
- shiny and moist surface (oedema into interstitium and alveoli)
- smooth surface (no suppurative material accumulation)
- no fibrosis
T/F - emphysema is always a secondary lesion in animals
True - unlike man. Can occur in animals with bronchopneumonia due to air OT obstruction
What is Suxavyn?
a vaccine against PCV-2. only partially protective because 12 serotypes are known and this vaccine only protects against serotypes 3,6 and 8. Also this organism has other virulence factors not included in this vaccine (e.g. fimbrial adhesion factors, OMPs, Fe-binding proteins, MMPs, urease, others)
