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Nautical Reviewer > Navigational Emergencies, Shiphandling and Maneuvering > Flashcards

Navigational Emergencies, Shiphandling and Maneuvering Flashcards

1
Q

A “Mediterranean moor” should be used when _______.

A

when docking stern to a berth

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2
Q

A bow thruster : I. is effective in slowing down a vessel II. loses effectiveness when the vessel’s speed exceeds 3 knots III. provides lateral control without affecting headway

A

II and III only

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3
Q

A common occurrence when a vessel is running into shallow water is that:

A

squat will cause a decrease in bottom clearance and an increase in draft

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4
Q

A drift lead indicates that the vessel is dragging anchor when the line is ________.

A

taut and leading forward

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5
Q

A large vessel is equipped with a controllable pitch propeller. Which statement is true?

A

When dead in the water, it is often difficult to find the neutral position and slight headway or sternway may result

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6
Q

A person has fallen overboard and is being picked up with a lifeboat. If the person appears in danger of drowning, the lifeboat should make __________.

A

the most direct approach

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7
Q

A right handed single screw ship, when taking turning circle both port and starboard at same speed and rudder angles, which side will probably have the larger area of turn?

A

starboard side

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8
Q

A rule of thumb in the handling of VLCC is that, for every _____ degrees change in heading, she losses _____ of her headway.

A

90/ 25 - 30%

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9
Q

A ship is having a slow speed, by using the backing maneuver, the ship is considered to be dead on the water when the _____.

A

quickwater reaches the amidships

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10
Q

A ship is not turning around the center of gravity, but another point. What is this point called?

A

Pivot point

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11
Q

A ship is said to have a positive directional stability when:

A

she tends to steady up when the rudder turned to amidships position

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12
Q

A ship is turning around a point called the “pivot point”. What is the position of this invisible point when the ship is “dead” in the water?

A

About same position as the center of gravity

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13
Q

A ship under headway can make a smaller turning radius if the pivot is:

A

close to the bow

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14
Q

A single-screw vessel going ahead tends to turn more rapidly to port because of propeller _______.

A

sidewise force

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15
Q

A stream of water immediately surrounding a moving vessel’s hull, flowing in the same direction as the vessel is known as ________.

A

wake current

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16
Q

A twin screw vessel, making headway with both engines turning ahead, will turn more readily to starboard if you ________.

A

reverse starboard engine, apply right rudder

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17
Q

A twin-screw vessel can clear the inboard propeller and maneuver off a pier best by holding a(n) ______.

A

forward spring line and going slow ahead on the outboard engine

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18
Q

A twin-screw vessel is easier to maneuver than a single-screw vessel because the twin-screw vessel ______________.

A

can turn without using her rudder

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19
Q

A twin-screw vessel with a single rudder is making headway. The engines are full speed ahead. There is no wind or current. Which statement is FALSE?

A

Turning response by use of the rudder only is greater than on a single-screw vessel.

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20
Q

A vessel in shallow water might experience:

A

squatting

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21
Q

A vessel is docked portside to a lock. Which of the following would be the best way to undock a vessel off a lock with no wind?

A

cast off all lines aft, then all lines forward, left rudder, bow thruster to starboard, dead slow ahead

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22
Q

A vessel is equipped with a single right-handed screw. With rudder amidships and calm wind, the vessel will most likely back _____________.

A

to port

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23
Q

A vessel is equipped with twin propellers, both turning outboard with the engines half ahead. If there is no wind or current and the rudders are amidships, what will happen?

A

The vessel will steer a fairly straight course

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24
Q

A vessel is tide rode when it is _______?

A

at anchor and stemming the current

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25
Q

A vessel reduce speed without backing. The rate that her speed through the water decreases depends primarily on the ______.

A

vessel’s displacement

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26
Q

A vessel towing with a total length of 1350 meters, expecting strong wind from starboard side. The towing wire is connected 20 meters from towing vessels stern rail. What is to be done?

A

Secure the wire all way aft, to prevent wire moving out of center

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27
Q

A vessel will “squat” when it proceeds underway ______.

A

in all depths of water

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28
Q

A VLCC(100,000 DWT + ) with a 30,000 shaft horsepower steam turbine is slow to respond to engine movements and has less stopping power than normal ships because it has a:

A

bigger propeller

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29
Q

A wedge of water building up between the bow and nearer bank forces the bow out and away describes:

A

bank cushion

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30
Q

Adequate horsepower is of great importance when a ship is navigating independently in ice. Adequate horsepower is generally considered to exist when the horsepower to length ratio is at least ________.

A

6 to 1 or better

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31
Q

After casting off moorings at a mooring buoy in calm weather, you should ______.

A

back away a few lengths to clear the buoy and then go ahead on the engines

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32
Q

An execution by swinging out the ship with maximum wheel either port or starboard and subsequently reversing the wheel so that the ship’s head swings out to, but not beyond 60° from the original course; then continue to swing back with full wheel, finally steadying on the reciprocal course to original. This execution is called:

A

Williamson Turn

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33
Q

As a general rule, a ULCC should not have a speed in any direction greater than what speed when touching berth?

A

0.10 knots

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34
Q

As a general rule, a VLCC should not have a speed in any direction greater than what speed when touching berth?

A

0.15 knots

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35
Q

As a general rule, for most large merchant vessels, squat effects what part of the vessel?

A

bow

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36
Q

As a rule, ships of most configurations, when drifting in calm water with negligible current, will lie _______.

A

beam to the wind

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37
Q

As a ship moves through the water, it causes a wake, which is also moving forward relative to the sea. In addition to a fore and aft motion, this wake also has a (n) _______.

A

upward and inward flow

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38
Q

As a ships moves through the water , it drags with it a body of water called the wake. The ratio of the wake speed to the ship’s speed is called_________

A

wake fraction

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39
Q

As the propeller turns, voids are formed on the trailing and leading edges of the propeller blades causing a loss of propulsive efficiency, pitting of the blades, and vibration. These voids are known as _________.

A

cavitation

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40
Q

Basic signals and maneuvers are common in any ports of the world, in these case ports of USA. The use of ship’s whistle to communicate with tug(s),one long blast means:

A

Come ahead full slow

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41
Q

Before entering an ice area, the ship should be _______.

A

trimmed down by the stern

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42
Q

Bow or aft thrusters are sometimes preferable than tugs because:

A

it is always available

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43
Q

Conditions for crossing a rough bar are usually best at ______.

A

high water slack

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44
Q

Do you think a ship’s trim has any influence an steering abilities?

A

Yes, the ship usually steer better if trimmed by the stern

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45
Q

Do you think there is any reduction in the rudder lift force if the propeller is stopped?

A

Yes, the lift force will be dramatically reduced

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46
Q

During a double banking operation the off-take or smaller vessel generally provides the moorings. If wires are used it is recommended that rope tails are fitted onto the ends of the wires. This is to:

A

All the listed alternatives

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47
Q

During a mooring operation whilst underway it is recommended that, with one ship maintaining a constant course and speed, the other maneuvers so that:

A

The maneuvering vessel presents her port side to the constant direction vessel

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48
Q

Find the scope of an anchor cable with eight shackles paid out in a depth of 25 meters.

A

8.7

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49
Q

Find the scope of an anchor cable with eight shackles paid out in a depth of 96 feet.

A

7.5

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50
Q

Find the scope of an anchor cable with five shackles paid out in a depth of 67 feet.

A

6.7

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51
Q

Find the scope of an anchor cable with four shackles paid out in a depth of 11 meters.

A

ten

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52
Q

Find the scope of an anchor cable with four shackles paid out in a depth of 36 feet.

A

ten

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53
Q

Find the scope of an anchor cable with six shackles paid out in a depth of 72 feet.

A

7.5

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54
Q

Find the scope of an anchor cable with six shackles paid out in a depth of 77 feet.

A

seven

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55
Q

Find the scope of an anchor cable with three shackles paid out in a depth of 45 feet.

A

six

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56
Q

Flanking rudders effect a vessel’s heading because of the ______.

A

effect of the propeller flow on the rudders

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57
Q

For a right handed single screw vessel it is easier to berth ______.

A

port side to the wharf

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58
Q

For operations in pack ice, a vessel should ______.

A

have a drag of not more than 2 to 3 feet

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59
Q

For the deepest water when negotiating a bend in a river, you should always navigate your vessel:

A

toward the outside bend of the river

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60
Q

For the deepest water when rounding a bend in a river, you should navigate your vessel ______.

A

toward the inside of the bend

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61
Q

For which type of vessel is sinkage most pronounced?

A

High block coefficient vessel

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62
Q

For which type of vessel is squatting most pronounced?

A

Vessel with a high block coefficient

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63
Q

Generally, you can best keep a vessel under steering control when the vessel has ________.

A

headway

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64
Q

Good seamanship while towing in heavy weather requires all of the following EXCEPT ____________.

A

streaming all of your towing hawser

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65
Q

Handling a ship in a channel, a Pilot should break a sheer in narrow channel by:

A

increasing engine RPM

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66
Q

How can you minimize the squat effect?

A

Decrease in draft to the point on your ship which is closest to the bottom

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67
Q

How do we define the location of the “pivot point”?

A

The point where the sideways motion of the ship’s centerline is zero

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68
Q

How do you consider the indicated speed for berthing?

A

too fast

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69
Q

How does a vessel’s rate of turn change when entering shallow water?

A

there is no change

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70
Q

How is shallow water effect felt in a vessel?

A

The vessel becomes sluggish in responding to the rudder

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71
Q

How many fathoms are in a shot of anchor cable?

A

15

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72
Q

How many fathoms are there in 2 shots of anchor chain?

A

30

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73
Q

How many fathoms are there in 3 shots of anchor chain?

A

45

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74
Q

How many feet are there in 4 shots of anchor chain?

A

360

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75
Q

How many feet are there in five shots of anchor chain?

A

450

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76
Q

How many feet are there in one shot of anchor chain?

A

90

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77
Q

How many turns of wire normally mark either side of the shackle 105 fathoms from the anchor?

A

7 turns

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78
Q

How many turns of wire normally mark either side of the shackle 120 fathoms from the anchor’s

A

8 turns

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79
Q

How many turns of wire normally mark either side of the shackle 45 fathoms from the anchor?

A

3 turns

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80
Q

How will you define “squat”?

A

Increase in draft to the point on your ship which is closest to the bottom

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81
Q

How will you turn a ship quickly in a following current to make her stern the current in restricted water?

A

by dragging one anchor and astern engine

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82
Q

If a crewmember has fallen overboard during the hours of darkness and you immediately execute a Williamson turn, what is the primary advantage of this maneuver under these circumstance exams?

A

You will be in a reciprocal course and nearly on the track line run during the night

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83
Q

If a double banking operation is being conducted with one ship at anchor (which is yawing due to weather condition) and one tug is available for assisting in the operation, the tug should:

A

Endeavour to hold the anchored/yawing vessel steady

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84
Q

If a nylon mooring rope gets wet by immersion in water it undergoes:

A

A decrease in strength of 20%

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85
Q

If a ship of 15,000 tons deadweight fitted with steam turbine has an astern power of 60,000 knot-tons, what is the speed of the ship?

A

12 knots

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86
Q

If a VLCC is proceeding at 12 knots, her headway is reduced to what speed at the completion of a round turn even though the engine continues to run ahead of steerageway?

A

2 to 3 knots

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87
Q

If the speed of a ship is increased during a turn, the tactical diameter becomes (or remains):

A

smaller

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88
Q

If your propeller is racing in rough weather, you should _______.

A

decrease your engine speed

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89
Q

In a following sea, a wave has overtaken your vessel and thrown the stern to starboard. To continue along your original course, you should _______.

A

use more left rudder

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90
Q

In an emergency and the anchor is dropped while at full ahead, do not slack the cable as soon as the anchor holds.

A

FALSE

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91
Q

In an emergency and the anchor is dropped while at full ahead, do not slack the cable as soon as the anchor holds.

A

TRUE

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92
Q

In anchoring against a strong current or tidal stream, the anchor should be let-go in order to keep her head-to-stream. Best precautions during let-go is:

A

Engine stopped and gradually paid out cables

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93
Q

In anchoring, using the scope of 6, determine the number of shackles to be used if the depth of water is 35 meters?

A

7.5 shackles

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94
Q

In docking, when approaching the berth at one knot, how many meters is the ship’s advance in one minute?

A

31 meters

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95
Q

In maneuvering the ship in a restricted area or in a narrow channel by executing backing and filling maneuver, which side would be easier to maneuver the ship?

A

starboard side

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96
Q

In maneuvering the ship in a restricted area or in a narrow channel, which side would be easier to maneuver the ship using the backing and filling maneuver?

A

starboard side

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97
Q

In most cases, when a large merchant vessel enters shallow water at high speed the ______.

A

bow will squat farther than the stern

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98
Q

In order to back a right-handed, single -crew vessel in a straight line, you will probably need to use _______.

A

some right rudder

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99
Q

In order to reduce your wake in a narrow channel you should _______.

A

reduce your speed

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100
Q

In principles of shiphandling, which factor that a master or a pilot has no direct control of the ship?

A

shallow water factor

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101
Q

In relation to the turning circle of the ship, the term “advance” means the distance:

A

gained in the direction of the original course and maximum when ship turned 90°

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102
Q

In ship handling in shallow water, you will notice that the water is boiling up around the _____.

A

vessel’s stern

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103
Q

In ship handling on ice, there are differentiation among ice formation. The initial stage in the freezing of sea water, when it assumes a greasy appearance and a scum of ice crystals is formed on the surface, is referred to as:

A

sludge or slush

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104
Q

In ship handling with a following sea, a vessel will tend to _____.

A

yaw

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105
Q

In ship handling, as a general rule, if your vessel is drifting in calm waters with negligible current, the wind will maneuver your vessel until it strikes the vessel _______.

A

on or near the beam

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106
Q

In ship handling, as the beam increases for a given length, it is apparent that the directional stability:

A

decreases

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107
Q

In ship handling, as the under keel clearance decreases, it is apparent that the directional stability:

A

decreases

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108
Q

In ship handling, how will the vessel lie relative to the wind when drifting with no way on if it has most of its superstructure forward?

A

With the wind from abaft the beam

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109
Q

In ship handling, if you notice that you are racing your propeller in rough weather, you should:

A

decrease your engine speed

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110
Q

In ship handling, when you are turning a ship in restricted space, it is normally best to _____.

A

turn so that the tendency to back into the wind can be used if on a single-screw vessel

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111
Q

In ship handling, which of the following actions will reduce the yawing of a vessel in a following sea?

A

shifting weights to the stern

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112
Q

In ship handling, which of the following statements concerning the handling characteristics of a fully loaded vessel as compared with those of a light vessel is FALSE?

A

A fully loaded vessel will maintain her headway further

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113
Q

In ship handling, you notice that your rudder response has become sluggish and your speed has decreased. This are signs that you have:

A

entered shallow water

114
Q

In shiphandling in heavy weather, you notice buckling in the midships deck plating of your vessel. To relieve the strain, you could _____.

A

all of these

115
Q

In shiphandling in heavy weather you have your bow meeting the seas. To prevent pounding, you should _______.

A

decrease speed

116
Q

In shiphandling in heavy weather you have your bow meeting the seas. Which measure should NOT be taken to reduce pounding?

A

Add ballast in the after peak

117
Q

In shiphandling in heavy weather, you notice your vessel’s screw is being lifted clear of the water and racing. One way to correct this would be to _____.

A

decrease speed

118
Q

In shiphandling, which action will reduce the yawing of the vessel in a following sea?

A

Shifting weights to the stern

119
Q

In twin screw engine installation while going ahead, maneuvering qualities are most effective when the tops of the propellers blades both turn:

A

outboard from the center

120
Q

In which situation could a vessel most easily capsize?

A

running in the trough

121
Q

Insufficient space between the hull and bottom in shallow water will prevent normal screw currents resulting in ______.

A

All of the above

122
Q

It is a particular professional knowledge regarding own ship various methods available and how to change over to secondary from primary methods. It is the knowledge on:

A

Steering and conning

123
Q

It is a propeller which is almost invariably right-handed. When the ship is driven ahead, the propeller revolves in a clockwise direction, when viewed from astern. To go astern rotation of the propeller is reversed. It is _______.

A

single screw

124
Q

It is applied to rudder when it has about one-third of its area forward of the rudder post:

A

balanced rudder

125
Q

It is desirable, when mooring to a buoy, to approach the buoy with the current from ______.

A

Ahead

126
Q

It is easier to dock a right-hand, single screw vessel ______.

A

port side to the wharf

127
Q

It is the distance measured along the original line joining the position of the compass platform when the wheel is put over and the position when the ship has turned through any particular cycle is called _____.

A

distance to new curve

128
Q

Leeway is the ______

A

lateral movement of a vessel downwind of her intended course

129
Q

Man overboard situation is a critical “life and death” scenario. The most critical variable that has to be considered is: I. The fastest and correct turn of execution II. The decision, fast and shortest time of execution

A

Both I and II

130
Q

Maneuvering with tug(s) in USA ports, LET GO tug lines is indicated on the ship’s whistle by:

A

One long blast and two short blast

131
Q

Maneuvering with tug(s) in USA ports, TWO BLAST mean or indicate:

A

Back with normal power

132
Q

Maximum rudder angle of 35 degrees is most acceptable during turning. However, an angle of 45 degrees will give a tighter turn, but will reduce speed more. At higher speed during turning, the ship tends to reduce the force of the rudder and in greater angle will reduce speed. This phenomenon is called:

A

burbling

133
Q

Mooring with two bow anchors has which major advantage over anchoring with one bow anchor?

A

The radius of the vessel’s swing will be shortened

134
Q

Most naval ships and some merchant vessels are fitted with steam turbines in which the astern power is equal to what part of the ahead power.

A

half

135
Q

Normally a ship fitted with steam turbines has an astern power, one third of ahead power. If a ship is 7,000-ton deadweight with speed of 15 knots, what is the astern power?

A

35,000 knot - tons

136
Q

On a single screw vessel, when coming portside to pier and being set off the pier you should:

A

make your approach at a greater angle than in calm water

137
Q

On a single-screw vessel, when coming port side to a pier and being set off the pier, you should _______.

A

make your approach at a greater angle than in calm weather

138
Q

On a twin-screw, twin-rudder vessel, the most effective way to turn in your own water, with no way on, is to put ______.

A

one engine ahead and one engine astern, with full rudder

139
Q

On a vessel with a single propeller, transverse force has the most effect on the vessel when the engine is put ________.

A

full astern

140
Q

On twin screw twin rudder vessel the most effective way to turn in your water with no way is to put:

A

one engine ahead and one engine stern with rudder amidships

141
Q

Once a ship (equipped with self-towing auto tension winches) is moored alongside a loading or discharging berth, it is recommended that:

A

All winches be left with the manual brake on and gear out

142
Q

One shackle of anchor chain is equal to how many meters?

A

27.4

143
Q

One shackle of anchor chain is equivalent to how many fathoms?

A

15

144
Q

One shackle of anchor chain is equivalent to how many feet?

A

90

145
Q

Overshoot is an expression we use when talking about a ship’s steering ability . What is the best way to determine how the overshoot is on your ships

A

Do a 20/20 degrees zigzag maneuver

146
Q

Rivers currents tend to ______.

A

cause the greatest depth of water to be along the outside of a bend

147
Q

Shifting weight aft in heavy weather will reduce the tendency to yaw, but may increase the tendency to _______.

A

be pooped

148
Q

Ships like VLCC’s turning circle to the right is usually _____ her turning circle to the left.

A

nearly the same as

149
Q

The “full speed” connotation in the majority of publications on ice navigation refers to maximum speed of:

A

4 to 6 knots

150
Q

The acceleration or deceleration capability of the ship depends largely on horsepower available and the momentum of the ship. The most important aspect of comparing the ahead and astern power of the ship is to consider first the:

A

Full-ahead momentum

151
Q

The anchor chain should be kept moderately taut during a Mediterranean moor to ______.

A

prevent damage to the stern in the event of a headwind

152
Q

The anchors should be dropped well out from the pier while at a Mediterranean moor to _______.

A

permit the ship to maneuver in the stream while weighing anchors

153
Q

The anti-rolling device which reduce the amplitude the of roll by varying the amount of water in tanks on opposite side of the ship, is referred to as.

A

anti-rolling tanks

154
Q

The best approach to an anchorage is: I. Against the current or wind II. With the current or wind III. A turn either way to give momentum for the dropping of anchor chain

A

I only

155
Q

The best time to work a boat into a slip is _______.

A

at slack water

156
Q

The bow thruster generally is ineffective at ______.

A

over 3 knots headway

157
Q

The depth of water in the anchorage is expected to be 19 meters. Find how many shackles to be paid out if a scope of 3 is desired on the anchor chain.

A

2 shackles

158
Q

The depth of water in the anchorage is expected to be 28 meters. Find how many shackles to be paid out if a scope of 7 is desired on the anchor chain.

A

7 shackles

159
Q

The depth of water in the anchorage is expected to be 45 feet. Find how many shackles to be paid out if a scope of 6 is desired on the anchor chain.

A

3 shackles

160
Q

The disadvantage of a bow thruster is:

A

it has no effect on headway to slow down or hold a ship

161
Q

The distance a vessel moves at right angles to the original course, when a turn of 180° has been completed, is called the:

A

tactical diameter

162
Q

The distance gained in the direction of the original course when you are making a turn is know as _______.

A

advance

163
Q

The distance of the ship to its final berth is about 200 meters. How many minutes will it approximatelt take the ship to be in position if the ship speed is two knots?

A

3 minutes 12 seconds

164
Q

The distance that a ship moves forward with each revolution of its propeller, if there is no ship, is called ________.

A

pitch

165
Q

The distance that a vessel travels from the time that the order to put engine full astern until the vessel is dead on the water is known as:

A

head reach

166
Q

The easiest way to anchor a vessel in a current is to _______.

A

stem the current and be falling aft very slowly when the anchor is dropped

167
Q

The effect known as “bank cushion” acts in which of the following ways on a single-screw vessel proceeding along a narrow channel?

A

it forces the bow away from the bank

168
Q

The effect known as “bank cushion” acts in which of the following ways on a single-screw vessel proceeding along in a narrow channel?

A

it pulls the stern toward the bank

169
Q

The effect of wind in an exposed areas of a ship is most noticeable when the vessel is ______.

A

backing

170
Q

The effects of shallow water with speed and rudder of the ship is great during maneuvering at high speed and become excessive is the depth is:

A

less than one-and-a half the draft

171
Q

The forward movement of a vessel in one revolution of its propeller is measured by __________.

A

the pitch

172
Q

The handling qualities of any particular class of vessel is based on the following except:

A

the skill and competence of ship handler

173
Q

The helm command “meet her” means _______.

A

use rudder to check the swing

174
Q

The helm command “shift your rudder” means _______.

A

change from right rudder to left rudder, or vice versa, an equal number of degrees

175
Q

The maneuver which will return your vessel in the shortest time to a person who has fallen overboard is ______.

A

A single turn with hard rudder

176
Q

The maximum rudder angle on your ships is 35% degrees. Do you think this is the angle that the ruder is most effective?

A

No, most effective rudder angle is about 25 to 30 degrees. This is because he rudder is “ stalling” at 35 degrees angle

177
Q

The most favorable condition to encounter when dock your vessel is when the wind and current are:

A

parallel to the pier from ahead

178
Q

The owner or Master of a towing vessel shall ensure that each person that directs and controls the movement of the vessel can accomplish all of the following except:

A

reduce speed only where local speed limits are posted

179
Q

The pivoting point of a vessels going ahead is situated:

A

About one -third of the vessel’s length from the bow

180
Q

The pivoting point of a fully loaded vessel with normal trim proceeding ahead at sea speed is:

A

one-third of the length of the vessel from the bow

181
Q

The point at which helm must be applied to achieve a required course alteration is:

A

wheel over position

182
Q

The proper way to approach a downstream lock where there is an out draft is to be _______.

A

close in to the land wall, keeping the stern in at all times

183
Q

The rudder is hard over , full ahead in deep water . How much lift force remain when the engine is stopped.

A

About 20%

184
Q

The rudder is hard over , full ahead in shallow water. How much lift force remains when he engine stopped?

A

About 10%

185
Q

The rudder is in hard over position ,propeller stopped . The ship is turning slowly. What can we do to make her turn faster without increasing forward speed?

A

Give a kick ahead

186
Q

The rudders are amidships and both screws are going ahead. What will happen if the starboard screw is stopped?

A

The bow will go to starboard

187
Q

The scope of chain to be used depends upon several factors except:

A

size of the vessel

188
Q

The ship is in a sharp turn and the log shows sideways motion to port both forward and aft. Where is the “pivot point” located?

A

Outside the ship itself

189
Q

The ship movement where the pivot point plays a part:

A

rotational

190
Q

The single turn method of returning to a man overboard should be only if ______.

A

the vessel is very maneuverable

191
Q

The tension on anchor cable increases so that the angle of the catenary to the seabed at the anchor reaches 10°. How will this affect the anchor in sandy soil?

A

it will reduce the holding power

192
Q

The term “shift the rudder” means ________.

A

change from right (left) to left (right) rudder an equal amount

193
Q

The turning circle of a ship is the path followed by the:

A

pivoting point

194
Q

The turning circle of a vessel making a turn of over 360° is the path followed by the:

A

center of gravity

195
Q

The type of property which is in tuning but the shafts reverse always in the same direction, the astern power being obtained by reversing the pitch of the screw, is commonly known as.

A

controllable pitch propeller

196
Q

The under-keel allowance may be laid down by a competent authority or determined on board when planning the passage. Such an allowance is expressed as:

A

depth below the keel of the ship when moving

197
Q

The use of ship’s whistle to communicate with tug(s) is common in ports of USA. One long blast means:

A

Come ahead dead slow

198
Q

The vessel will anchor with Pilot onboard. You are the duty on bridge. What is your main duty?

A

Check the position only

199
Q

These are general professional knowledge which are essential in ship handling and navigation?

A

All of these

200
Q

These are professional knowledge which illustrates own ship capabilities that are very essential to the Officer-on-Watch.

A

All of these

201
Q

These are variables in which a vessel is subjected to behave during maneuver, EXCEPT:

A

all of these

202
Q

These propeller are in-turning but the shaft revolves always in the same direction, the astern power being obtained by reversing the pitch of the screws.

A

Controllable pitch propeller

203
Q

This is the form of hull which produces large wake effect, making the speed of the water passing the rudder maybe as much as 35% less than that of the ship. This reduces the rudder efficiency. This form of hull is called:

A

Bluff or rounded sterns

204
Q

This occurs when the suction abaft the rudder reaches a value equal to the vapor pressure of the water, so that bubbles of water vapor formed. This causes the force from the rudder drops suddenly and the turn widens. This phenomenon is called:

A

burbling

205
Q

This point is moving directly along the fore and aft line at any given instant where the angle of drift is zero. Otherwise known as ________.

A

pivoting point

206
Q

This propeller consists of screws that are outward turning, is right-handed on the starboard side and left-handed on the port side. This type of propeller is:

A

Twin screw

207
Q

This type of screw is principally used by fast coastal craft and some classes of aircraft carriers. The propeller revolves in the same direction, so as to facilitate engine installation. This propeller is:

A

Triple or multiple screw

208
Q

To “ease” a line means to _______.

A

pay out line to remove most of the tension

209
Q

To ensure the best result in Mediterranean moor, the chains should:

A

tend forward 30 degrees on either bow

210
Q

To ensure the best results during the Mediterranean moor, the chains should _______.

A

tend forward 30° on either bow

211
Q

To warp a vessel means to ______.

A

move the vessel by hauling on lines

212
Q

Two shackles of anchor chain is equivalent to how many fathoms?

A

30

213
Q

Two vessels are abreast of each other and passing port to port in a confined waterway. What should you expect as your bow approaches the screws of the other vessel?

A

your bow will sheer towards the other vessel

214
Q

Usually the most gentle way of riding out a severe storm on a larger vessel is _______.

A

running before the seas

215
Q

Vessel docking at a wharf in strong current can expect to be set off the berth just as they come along side because of the _______.

A

hydraulic cushion

216
Q

Water may boil up around the stern of a vessel in a channel due to ______.

A

shallow water

217
Q

What shape of hull does a course - stable ships usually have?

A

A ship with a long , slim hull

218
Q

What affect does shallow water have on a vessel’s stopping distance?

A

The stopping distance is longer

219
Q

What can be used to reduce the effect of the state of sea-waves?

A

vegetable / fish oil

220
Q

What does the helm command “shift the rudder” mean?

A

Put the rudder over to the opposite side, the same number of degrees it is now

221
Q

What is a correct reply to a pilot’s request, “How’s your head”?

A

Passing 150°

222
Q

What is a ship’s squat?

A

Vessel reducing under-keel clearance in shallow water

223
Q

What is meant by the term “broaching to”?

A

Being turned broadside to the sea

224
Q

What is meant by veering the anchor chain?

A

paying out more chain

225
Q

What is most dangerous overtaking situation shown on the sketches?

A

A large vessels overtaking a small vessel with little difference in speed between the two vessels.

226
Q

What is most pronounced about a ship with good course stability?

A

When you put rudder amidships , she will continue a straight course

227
Q

What is required to be posted in the house of a vessel?

A

Vessel’s Maneuvering Characteristics

228
Q

What is the best approach to an anchorage? I. Against the current or wind II. With the current or wind III. A turn either way to give momentum for the dropping of anchor chain

A

I only

229
Q

What is the cause of the increase of draft of a ship moving through the water?

A

drop in water pressure around the ship’s hull

230
Q

What is the main purpose of knowing the turning circle of own ship?

A

All of these

231
Q

What is the name generally applied to the difference between the vertical positions of a vessel moving and stopped?

A

squat

232
Q

What is the purpose of a centerboard when sailing on a tack?

A

to reduce slide slip of the vessel

233
Q

What is the reason for the effect we call squat?

A

Increased velocity and decreased water pressure around the ship’s hull

234
Q

What precaution should be in mind when maneuvering a steam vessel?

A

the backing power is low in reacting

235
Q

What shape of hull would you say a course unstable ship would have?

A

A ship with a length to beam ratio less than 5.6

236
Q

What will stopping distance of your ships be when proceeding with 5 knots and reversing to full astern?

A

The sea - trials test may tell me , or else I can do a test myself to find out

237
Q

What will the stopping distance of your ships be when proceeding with 8 knots and reversing to full astern?

A

I can find out from sea trials or test on my own

238
Q

What would you say about a ships which is course unstable?

A

When you apply rudder , she will continue to turn when the rudder is put amidships , and may even increase rate of turn

239
Q

When a boat turns broadside to heavy seas and winds, thus exposing the boat to the danger of capsizing, the boat has _______.

A

broached

240
Q

When a conventional rudder is put hard over it creates a lift force and a drag force, When the ships has started to turn, how much lift force do you think remains if the rudder -angle is decreased to 20 degrees from hard over position (35 degrees)?

A

About 80%

241
Q

When a large merchant vessel enters shallow water at high speed the:

A

bow will suck down farther than the stern

242
Q

When anchoring in a clay bottom, what is one hazard that may cause the anchor to drag?

A

the anchor may get shod with clay and not develop full holding power

243
Q

When anchoring in an area with a hard bottom, the fluke angle of an anchor should be set at ________.

A

30°

244
Q

When anchoring in an area with a soft bottom, the fluke angle of an anchor should be set at ________.

A

50°

245
Q

When anchoring in calm water, it is best for:

A

have slight sternway on the vessel while letting go the anchor

246
Q

When anchoring in calm water, it is best to:

A

have slight sternway on the vessel while letting go the anchor

247
Q

When attempting to free an anchor jammed in the hawse pipe, the simplest method of freeing it may be:

A

A simple kick, such as starting the windlass at full power

248
Q

When fastening synthetic fiber ropes such as polypropylene on bitts, for safety and better rope control it is recommended to:

A

Make two round turns fast on the leading bitt and then figure of eight on both bitts

249
Q

When moored with a Mediterranean moor, the ship should be secured to the pier by having ______.

A

a stern line and two quarter lines crossing under the stern

250
Q

When picking up your mooring at the buoy, the correct method is to _______.

A

approach the buoy with the wind and current ahead

251
Q

When Senior Deck Officer of both vessels involved have decided which will be the last lines to be let go whilst unmooring, these lines should be made fast as follows on the ship accepting the lines.

A

By turning up the rope on the bitts

252
Q

When the pilot is embarked he:

A

is a specialist hire to give navigational advice

253
Q

When using a Mediterranean moor, the vessel is moored with her _______.

A

stern to the pier

254
Q

When using the anchor to steady the bow while approaching a dock you must be aware of the fact that ________.

A

using an offshore anchor decreases the chance of the anchor holding

255
Q

When using two tugs to assist in mooring a large, deeply laden ship, the most powerful tug is usually placed _______.

A

forward to control the bow

256
Q

Which mooring lines is likely to undergo the most strain when docking a ship under normal conditions?

A

spring line

257
Q

While your vessel in docked portside to a wharf, a sudden gale force wind crosses the vessels bow lines to part. The two begins to fall away from the deck and tugs are immediately available, which measure should you take first?

A

let go the starboard anchor

258
Q

Who is responsible for the number and use of tugs during mooring?

A

The Master

259
Q

With the anchor down at a scope of twice the depth o f the water and you are going astern (single-screw right handed propeller) what should you expect when the anchor starts dragging?

A

the stern to walk to port but a reduced rate

260
Q

You are 15 feet off a pier and docking a vessel using only a bow and stern breast line. Once the slack is out of both lines you begin to haul in on the bow breast line. What is the effect on the vessel?

A

The bow will come in and the stern will remain the same distance off the pier

261
Q

You are 5 meters off a berth and docking a vessel using only a head and stern line. Once the slack is out of both lines, you begin to haul in on the bow line. What is the effect on the vessel?

A

the bow will come in and the stern will go out

262
Q

You are approaching a pier and intend to use the port anchor to assist in docking port side to. You would not use the anchor if _______.

A

there is shallow water enroute to the berth

263
Q

You are berthed with a steady offshore beam wind of 30 knots. This wind suddenly increases to 60 knots. When this happens, the force driving the vessel off-berth will be:

A

Quadrupled

264
Q

You are landing a single-screw vessel with a right-handed propeller port side to a dock. As you approach the dock, you back down on your engine with rudder amidships. You would expect the vessel to _______.

A

swing its stern towards the dock

265
Q

You are landing a single-screw vessel, with a right-hand propeller, starboard side to the dock. When you have approached the berth and back the engine, you would expect the vessel to _______.

A

turn her bow toward the dock

266
Q

You are making mooring lines fast to bitts, stern to, as in some Mediterranean ports. A swell is liable to make the vessel surge. How should you tie up?

A

use manila or synthetic fiber hawsers only

267
Q

You are mooring to a buoy. You should approach the buoy with the current from _______.

A

ahead

268
Q

You are on stations forward for weighting anchor. How would you determine if the anchor is aweigh?

A

Cable up and down

269
Q

You are proceeding down a channel and lose the engine(s). You must use the anchors to stop the ship. Which statement is true?

A

Use one or both anchors with a scope of twice the depth before setting the brake

270
Q

You are riding to a single anchor. The vessel is yawing excessively. Which action should be taken to reduce the yawing?

A

drop the second anchor at the extreme end of the yaw, then adjust the cables until the scope is equal

271
Q

You are the Master of a single-screw vessel. You are docking at a port which has no tugs available. You decide to drop the offshore anchor to help in docking. The amount of chain you should pay out is ________.

A

1 1/2 to 2 times the depth of the water

272
Q

You are the Master onboard a VLCC of 280,000 DWT and have received a telex from the cargo terminal asking if your SPM moorings are according to the OCIMF standard. What fittings must you have to comply?

A

Two tongue-type/hinged bow stoppers with separate closed fairleads. Capacity 200 tons

273
Q

You have anchored in a mud and clay bottom. The anchor appears to be dragging in a storm. What action should you take?

A

drop the second anchor, veer to a good scope, then weigh the first anchor

274
Q

You have arrived at your anchorage location. You have put the engines astern prior to letting go the anchor. How will you know when the vessel has stopped making way?

A

The backwash of the propeller reaches amidships

275
Q

Your vessel is docking, but not yet alongside. Which line will be the most useful when maneuvering the vessel alongside the pier?

A

bow spring line

276
Q

Your vessel is going alongside a pier. Two tugs will assist at the mooring. Which position and how do you want to use the tugs?

A

Pushing on ship’s flat side and make fast in the vessel for pulling if needed

277
Q

Your vessel is going alongside. One tug will assist at the mooring. Which position and how do you want to use the tug?

A

Make fast on the vessel’s shoulder to push and pull

278
Q

Your vessel is port side to a pier with a spring line led aft from the bow. In calm weather, putting the engines ahead with the rudder hard left should bring _______.

A

the bow in and the stern out

279
Q

Your vessel is to dock bow first at a pier without the assistance of tugboats. Which line will be the most useful when maneuvering the vessel alongside the pier?

A

bow spring line

280
Q

Your vessel must moor port side to a berth limited by vessels ahead and astern using a single tug. You are stemming a slight current and there is a light breeze of the dock. Your tug should be made up to the vessel’s ________.

A

bow

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