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From Flashcardlet > IP Addressing Terminology > Flashcards

IP Addressing Terminology Flashcards

0
Q

An IP address is a ____________.

A

software address

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1
Q

IP Addressing

A

A numeric identifier assigned to each machine on an IP network. It designates the specific location of a device on the network.

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2
Q

Hardware address is

A

Hard-coded on a network interface card (NIC) and used for finding hosts on a local network.

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3
Q

Bit

A

is one digit, either 1 or 0

0 is off and 1 is on

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4
Q

Byte

A

is 7 or 8 bits, depending on whether parity is used.

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5
Q

Octet

A

Made up of 8 bits, is just an ordinary 8-bits binary number. Byte and octet are completely interchangeable.

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6
Q

Network address

A

This is the designation used in routing to send packets to a remote networks.

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7
Q

Broadcast address

A

The address used by applications and hosts to send information to all nodes on a network.

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8
Q

An IP address consists of

A

32 bits of information.

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9
Q

You can depict an IP address using one of three methods:

A

Dotted-decimal, as in 172.16.30.56

Binary, as in 10101100.000100000.00011110.00111000

Hexadecimal, as in AC.10.1E.38

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10
Q

The 32 bit IP Address is a

A

structured or hierarchical address

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11
Q

Flat address

A

All 32 bits being treated as a unique identifier.

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12
Q

The node address

A

is assigned to, and uniquely identifies, each machine on a network. This part of the address must be unique because it identifies a particular machine-an individual-as opposed to a network, which is a group. This number can also be referred to as a host address.

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13
Q

Class A

A

Network.Host.Host.Host

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14
Q

Class B

A

Network.Network.Host.Host

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15
Q

Class C

A

Network.Network.Network.Host

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16
Q

The first bit of the first byte in a class A network address must always be

A

off or 0. This means a class A address must be between 0 and 127 in the first byte, inclusive.

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17
Q

Understand that 0 and 127 are not valid in a class A network because they’re _________________.

A

reserved addresses

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18
Q

In a Class B

A

The first bit of the first byte must be turned on but the second bit must be turned off.

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19
Q

A class B network is defined when the first byte is configured from

A

128 to 191

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20
Q

For a Class C network

A

the first 2 bits of the first octet as always turned on, but the third bit can never be on.

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21
Q

An IP address that starts at 192 and goes to 223

A

A class C IP address

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22
Q

Addresses between 224 to 255 are reserved for

A

Class D and E

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23
Q

Class D 224-239

A

is used for multicast addresses

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24
Q

Class E 240-255

A

for scientific purposes

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25
Q

The network address of all 0s

A

is reserved to designate the default route

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26
Q

The address 127

A

is reserved for diagnostics, can ‘t be used.

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27
Q

You can only use the numbers 1 to 126 to designate

A

Class A network addresses.

28
Q

The IP address 127.0.0.1 is used to

A

test the IP stack on an individual node and cannot be used as a valid host address.

29
Q

All host bits off is the network address:

A

10.0.0.0

30
Q

All host bits on is the broadcast address:

A

10.255.255.255

31
Q

Remember when trying to find valid host addresses is that the host bits

A

can’t all be turned off or on at the same time.

32
Q

In a class B network address

A

the first 2 bytes are assigned to the network address and the remaining two bytes are used for node address. format: network network node node

33
Q

Class B valid host IDs

All host bits turned off is the network address:

A

172.16.0.0

34
Q

Class B valid Host ID

All host bits turned on is the broadcast address:

A

172.16.255.255

35
Q

Class C address

The first 3 bytes of a class C network address are dedicated to the network portion of the address

A

with 1 remaining for the node

36
Q

Class C valid Host IDs

All host bits turned off is the network ID

A

192.168.100.0

37
Q

Class C valid Host IDs

All host bits turned on is the broadcast address:

A

192.168.100.255

38
Q

Class C valid Host IDs

The valid host would be the number s in between the network address and the broadcast address:

A

192.168.100.1 through 192.168.100.254

39
Q

Network Address Translation (NAT)

A

Which basically takes a private IP address and converts it for use on the internet.

40
Q

Class A reserved address space

A

10.0.0.0 through 10.255.255.255

41
Q

Class B Reserved IP address space

A

172.16.0.0 through 172.31.255.255

42
Q

Class C Reserved IP address space

A

192.168.0.0 through 192.168.255.255

43
Q

Loopback (localhost)

A

Used to test the IP stack on the local computer. Can be any address from 127.0.0.1 through 127.255.255.254.

44
Q

Layer 2 Broadcasts

A

There are sent to all nodes on the LAN.

45
Q

Broadcast (layer 3)

A

These are sent to all nodes on the network.

46
Q

Unicast

A

This is an address for a single interface, and these are used to send packets to a single destination host.

47
Q

Multicast

A

These are packets sent from a single source and transmitted to many devices on different networks. Referred to as “one-to-many.”

48
Q

Layer 2 broadcast are also know as

A

hardware broadcast-they only go out on the LAN, but they don’t go past the LAN boundary (router).

49
Q

Broadcasts messages are meant to reach all hosts on a broadcast domain. These are the network broadcasts that have

A

all host bits on.

50
Q

A unicast

A

is defined as a single IP address that’s assigned to a network interface card and is the destination IP address in a packet-in other words, it’s used for directing packets to a specific host.

51
Q

Multicast

A

is that it enables multiple recipients to receive messages without flooding the messages to all hosts on a broadcast domain.

52
Q

Multicast addresses starts with

A

224.0.0.0 and goes through 239.255.255.255.

53
Q

Nibble

A

A nibble is 4 bits.

54
Q

Subnet

A

A network that you split up in multiple smaller subnetworks.

55
Q

Decimal

A

0.0.0.0

56
Q

Binary

A

00000000.00000000.00000000.00000000

57
Q

hexadecimal

A

C0.A8.01.01

58
Q

Class A

A

Network.Host.Host.Host

59
Q

Class B

A

Network.Network.Host.Host

60
Q

Class C

A

Network.Network.Network.Host

61
Q

Class D

A

Multicast

62
Q

Class E

A

Research

63
Q

Every subnet has _________.

A

1 network

64
Q

Every subnet has 1

A

Broadcast address

65
Q

The network address has all hosts bits set to

A

0

66
Q

The boardcast address has all the host bits set to

A

1

67
Q

Don’t start counting at 1, start counting at

A

0 The “0” is a valid number.

68
Q

Every “host-bit” you borrow

A

doubles the number of subnet you can create.

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