What is Anatomy?

Question 1

Anatomy vs. Physiology

Answer 1

Anatomy = study of structure
Physiology = Study of function
-however; anatomy of a part often suggests its function - 2 terms inter-related

Question 2

2 types of Anatomy

Answer 2

1. Microscopic Anatomy: Structures that can’t be viewed by unaided eye;
   
   • i) Cytology: Study of individual cells
   • ii) Histology: Study of tissues (groups of specialised cells functioning for a common purpose)
2. Gross Anatomy (macroscopic anatomy): Structures that can be viewed by the unaided eye
   - investigates structure and relationships of large body (e.g. liver, brain, stomach)
   - preserved specimens often dissected

Question 3

Subdivisions of Gross Anatomy (6)

Answer 3

1. Comparative Anatomy: Examines similarities & diff. in anatomy of species
2. Developmental Anatomy: Changes in structure w/in individual from conception through maturity
3. Embryology: Developmental changes prior to birth
4. Regional Anatomy: Study of structures w/in single region (i.e. head and neck or abdomen)
5. Surface Anatomy: Study of internal structures as their locations relate to regions of skin or other surface markings
6. Systemic Anatomy: Study of structures involved w/ specific activity (e.g. digestion or reproduction)

Question 4

Specialised Branches of Anatomy (3)

Answer 4

1. Pathologic Anatomy: Examines changes resulting from disease
2. Radiographic Anatomy: Relationships among internal structures that may be visualised by specific scanning procedures (e.g. ultrasound, MRI or x-ray)
3. Surgical Anatomy: Investigates the anatomical landmarks used before & after surgery