Lecture 5

Question 1

What does superior mean?

Answer 1

towards the head - UP

Question 2

What does inferior mean?

Answer 2

towards the feet - DOWN

Question 3

What does anterior mean?

Answer 3

towards the front - in front of

Question 4

What does posterior mean?

Answer 4

closer to the back - in back of

Question 5

What does medial mean?

Answer 5

towards the midline of the body

Question 6

What does lateral mean?

Answer 6

away from the midline of the body

Question 7

What does proximal mean?

Answer 7

toward or nearest the trunk of the body

Question 8

What does distal mean?

Answer 8

farthest from the trunk - away from trunk

Question 9

A proximal & distal example:

Answer 9

The elbow lies at the proximal end of the forearm while the hand lies at the distal end.

Question 10

What does superficial mean?

Answer 10

Nearest the surface

Question 11

What does deep mean?

Answer 11

Deep e.g bone is deep to skin

Question 12

What occurs during flexion?

Answer 12

bending/folding of a part “flexing muscles”. Decreases the angle btw 2 bones at the joint

Question 13

What occurs during extension?

Answer 13

reverse of flexion, resulting in the straightening of a joint. Increase the angle btw bones at a joint

Question 14

What occurs during dorsiflexion?

Answer 14

Foot is tilted upward - decreases the angle btw top of foot and front of leg

Question 15

What occurs during plantaflexion?

Answer 15

Pointing of foot - foot is stretched down - increases the angle btw top of foot and front of the leg

Question 16

In what plane does flexion & extension occur in?

Answer 16

Sagittal plane

Question 17

What occurs during abduction?

Answer 17

movement away from the medial plane of the body

Question 18

What occurs during adduction?

Answer 18

reverse of abduction - movement towards the medial plane

Question 19

In what plane does abduction & adduction occur?

Answer 19

Coronal plane

Question 20

What occurs during Inversion?

Answer 20

IN - turns the sole of the foot in - sole of foot faces towards the midline

Question 21

What occurs during Eversion

Answer 21

EXIT- turns it outward - sole of foot turns away from midline

Question 22

What occurs during Pronation?

Answer 22

Posterior - Palm faces posterior

Question 23

What occurs during Supination?

Answer 23

“spider man” - palm faces anterior

Question 24

What is circumdution?

Answer 24

Generation of circular movement which is a combination of extension, flexion, abduction & adduction

Question 25

What is rotation?

Answer 25

The pivoting of a bone on its own axis - rotation/turning of bone at the joint around its long axis
e.g rotating your femur at the hip joint so that your toes are facing in

Question 26

What plane doe rotation occur in?

Answer 26

Transverse plan

Question 27

What is the anatomical position?

Answer 27

Body is standing upright, looking straight ahead with the feet & palms of hand facing forward forward. Reference position

Question 28

The coronal plane runs vertically through the body separating it into:

Answer 28

anterior & posterior parts

Question 29

The transverse plane runs horizontally through the body separating it into:

Answer 29

superior & inferior parts

Question 30

The sagittal plane runs vertically through the body separating it into:

Answer 30

left & right