Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Block 10 Week 4 > Viral Hepatitis - Verma > Flashcards

Viral Hepatitis - Verma Flashcards

1
Q

t/f: drugs, EtOH, toxins, bacteria, or viruses can cause hepatitis

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is the most common liver infx in the US?

A

hepatitis virus (all of them as a class)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

which two hep viruses are fecal borne?

A

A and E

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

which three hep viruses are blood borne?

A

B
C
D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Acute hepatitis lasts for less than…

A

6 months

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Chronic hepatitis lasts longer than six months and is caused by which three strains of the hep virus?

A

B, C, and D

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

t/f: besides cirrhosis and liver failure, chronic hepatitis can lead to liver CANCER

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what serum marker do you use to test for Hep A or E?

A

IgM for HAV or HEV

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

t/f: hep A vaccine should be given before and after exposure

A

false; only before for prevention

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what should be given to help treat hep A post exposure?

A

HAV immune globulin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

t/f: hep A exposure is almost universal during childhood

A

true; due to poor hygeine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

In what types of environments with close person contact are you at risk for getting hep A?

A 
household workers
child day care centers
infected food handlers
internt'l travelers
immigrants
people living in crowded environments
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the sexual risk factor for hep A?

A

gays

…because its fecal borne? Ew.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

t/f: blood exposure is a common route of transmission of hep A

A

false

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

t/f: HAV appears in the stool during viremia

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

t/f: HAV appears in the stool before IgM levels peak

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

after how many weeks does the HAV infx peak?

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what percent of the US has had a previous hep A infection?

A

40% !!!!!

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

t/f: there is a 100% rate of infection of hep A in developing countries

A

YES WTF THIS IS CRAZY

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Which hepatitis strain accounts for nearly half of all acute viral hepatitis?

A

hep A

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

which countries have the highest levels of anti-HAV?

A

Greenland (WTF)
Central America
Africa
India/Indochina

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

Which serum Ig do you use to test for hep E?

A

IgG

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

t/f: there is no specific treatment or vaccine for hep E

A

true

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the best method of reducing transmission rates of hep E?

A

improving sanitary conditions

25
Q

t/f: hep E appears in the stool before clinical symptoms

A

true

26
Q

How many weeks after exposure does HEV titer peak?

A

6

27
Q

how many weeks after exposure does IgM anti-HEV peak? why is this important?

A

peaks during Sx, but IgG continues to rise, that’s why we use IgG to test for previous infx

28
Q

What is the biggest risk factor for HEV?

A

travel to developing countries

29
Q

What groups are at risk of getting HEV?

A

persons living in developing nations/refugee camps/overcrowded housing

30
Q

In countries in which hep B is endemic, what is the most common route of exposure?

A

perinatally

31
Q

Based on its prevalence in the US, what is the most common route of exposure to hep B?

A

unprotected sex with multiple partners

32
Q

What are the three antigens used to characterize hep B?

A

HBsAg (surface antigen)
HBcAg (core antigen)
HBe Ag ( “e” antigen)

33
Q

Besides HBV antigens, HBV (blank) and host (blank) are also used to characterize HBV infx

A

HBV DNA

host antibodies

34
Q

HbsAg forms part of what structure in HBV?

A

envelope

35
Q

HBsAg outnumbrs virions in the serum by how many times?

A

10^2 - 10^5 times!

36
Q

t/f: HBsAG positive persons have an overt HBV infection and therefore liver disease

A

false;

they have an overt infx but not necessarily liver dz

37
Q

what Ab do you see in a person that has been vaccinated against HBV?

A

anti-HBsAg ONLY

38
Q

What two antibodies do you see in a person who has become immune due to a natural infection?

A

anti-Hbs

anti-Hbc

39
Q

What two antibodies and which Ag do you see in a person that has an acute HBV infection?

A

HBsAg
anti-IgM HBc
Anti-HBc

40
Q

Which antibody and which antigen do you see in someone with a chronic HBV infection?

A

HBsAg

Anti-HBc

41
Q

If you see someone with just Anti-HBc, what does that tell you about their immune status?

A

interpretation unclear; can’t tell shit!

  1. resolving infx
  2. false pos
  3. low level chronic infx
  4. resolving acute infx
42
Q

If a male comes in with acute HBV from MSM, what public health steps should be taken?

A
  1. The case of acute hepatitis B should be reported to the local health department.
  2. The patient should be advised to inform his sex and household contacts that they might have been exposed to HBV and that they should see a health care professional for medical evaluation.
  3. The patient should be tested for total anti-HAV to determine if he is a candidate for hepatitis A vaccination.
43
Q

t/f: gays are at a greater risk of getting HCV than the general population

A

false; same risk!

44
Q

The hep C virus is (RNA/DNA)

A

RNA

45
Q

t/f: there are multiple serotypes of hep C

A

false; only one

46
Q

what percent of pts resolve a hep C exposure on their own?

A

15%

47
Q

What is the five year survival in pts with hepatocellular carcinoma?

A

less than 5%

48
Q

what percent of pts with chronic HCV get cirrhosis?

A

20%

49
Q

what things accelearate the decline of liver function in HCV?

A

HIV
HBV
EtOH

50
Q

Which two things will you see in the serum for someone who has an HCV infx (acute or chronic depending on clinical picture)

A

Anti-HCV

HCV RNA

51
Q

What will you see in someone who has resolved an HCV infection?

A

anti-HCV only

52
Q

What will you see in someone who has early acute HCV, or chronic HCV in immunosuppressed pts?

A

HCV RNA only

53
Q

t/f: someone who does not have HCV will not show HCV RNA or anti-HCV

A

true

54
Q

what are the two types of tests you can use to detect HCV?

A 
ensyme immunoassay (EIA)
recombinant immunoblot assay (RIBA)
55
Q

How much higher are ALT levels in acute hep C infx?

A

AT LEAST 7x higher

56
Q

Compare ALT levels in acute vs. chronic HCV infx

A

chronic is higher than normal, but not as high as acute

57
Q

t/f: someone with HCV that donates blood during the window period (6 months post infection) would not show anti-HCV antibodies on the blood donation screen

A

true; that is why there is still a small risk of hep C with blood transfusion

58
Q

Go through the slides and do the practice questions now

A

they’re really good!!

Block 10 Week 4 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions