Language Development

Question 1

Behaviorist theory

Answer 1

considered language as a part of human behavior; verbal behavior through shaping antecedent and consequent events and are reinforced by the enironment

Question 2

mand

Answer 2

request; reinforced by getting the thing being requested

Question 3

tact

Answer 3

labeling and commenting; reinforced socially

Question 4

intraverbal

Answer 4

verbal response that relates to an item, action, or property that is not present; reinforced by praise

Question 5

Piaget

Answer 5

children acquire the necessary cognitive operations that lead to higher levels of language development-language secondary to thought and serves to express thought; strong cognition hypothesis believe in cognitive precursors to language

Question 6

sensorimotor

Answer 6

reflexes = increased voluntary control

Question 7

preoperational

Answer 7

symbolic use/function; egocentric thinking

Question 8

concrete operational

Answer 8

increased use of reasoning/logic and systematic manipulation of symbols related to concrete objects with hierarchical organization

Question 9

formal operation

Answer 9

increased flexibility in perspective taking to consider other points of views

Question 10

chomsky

Answer 10

nativist theory; universal rules of grammar that apply to all languages; children are born with language acquisition device (LAD) a language processor that is physiological part of the brain; child’s environment provides info about the rules of the language the child is exposed to the LAD integrates the universal rules, no reinforcement since language is innate

Question 11

competence

Answer 11

knowledge of rules of universal grammar

Question 12

vygotsky

Answer 12

social interactionism theory, structure of human language has possible arisen from language social communicative function in human relations; emphasized language function not structure; language is a tool for social interaction

Question 13

holophastic phrase

Answer 13

1-2 years old when child uses a single word to represent a complex idea “car” could mean look at the car asking if it is a car or declaring that it is a car

Question 14

pervasive developmental disorders PDD

Answer 14

defines the category of neurological disorders characterized by severe and pervasive impairment in several areas of development includes autism, Aspergers syndrome, rett’s

Question 15

Aspergers

Answer 15

defined by difficulty in social interactions and verbal and non verbal communication

Question 16

rett’s syndrome

Answer 16

motor dysfunction and mental retardation; loss of social engagement and previously acquired motor skills

Question 17

childhood degenerative disorder CDD

Answer 17

loss of skills in communication receptive and expressive language social interactions self-help motor and play skills; onset after 2 years old