Drugs Acting on the Kidney 1 and 2 Flashcards
Give six exampled of drugs that act on the kidney.
Diuretics
Vasopressin receptor agonists and antagonists
Uricosuric drugs (increase excretion of uric acid)
Those used in renal failure
Thosed that alter the pH of the urine
Name three diseases that produce oedema.
The nephrotic syndrome
Congestive heart failure
Hepatic cirrhosis with ascites
What is the nephrotic syndrome
a disorder of the glomerular filtration allowing protein (largely albumin) to appear in the filtrate
What causes a build up of interstitial fluid ie oedema
increased hydrostatic pressure in capillary
decreased oncotic pressure in blood vessels
Where do carbonic anhydrase inhitors act in the nephron
the proximal convoluted tubule
the distal convoluted tubule
(sodium hydrogen exchange sites)
What drugs act on the thick ascending limb of the loop of henle
loop diuretics
What drugs act on the distal convoluted tubule
Thiazide diuretics
Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors
What drugs act on the collecting tubule
potassium sparing diuretics
Name two loop diuretics
furosemide
bumetanide
how do loop diuretics inhibit the triple co transporter
they block the CL- site
What other effect do loop diuretics have
increase prostoglandins and increase resposiveness to angiotensin II= VENODILATOR
what are the adverse effects of loop diuretics
hypokalaemia
increases uric acid
low calcium and magnesium
alkalosis (metabolic)
what are the adverse effects of loop diuretics
hypokalaemia
increases uric acid
low calcium and magnesium
alkalosis (metabolic)
where do thiazide diuretics work
the early distal tubule by binding to Na/Cl co transporter by binding to Cl- site
What other effects do thiazides ahve
increase calcium reabsoption
vasodilator
