3.6 Heath and Politics

Question 1

What was growing between Catholics and Protestants in Northern Ireland?

Answer 1

Sectarian clashes

Question 2

Who did Heath back in parliament in Northern Ireland?

Answer 2

Brian Faulkner (UUP) who led the Belfast government

Question 3

What was the UUP?

Answer 3

Ulster Unionist Party

Question 4

Who was the Home Secretary under Heath?

Answer 4

Maudling

Question 5

What approach did Maudling adopt?

Answer 5

A tough approach designed to curb the IRA

Question 6

What was introduced in 1971?

Answer 6

Internment without trial

Question 7

What did Maudling’s policies do?

Answer 7

Alienate the Catholic population

Question 8

Who was Jim McVeigh?

Answer 8

An IRA commander

Question 9

What did Jim McVeigh say about Maudling’s policies?

Answer 9

‘internment was among the best recruiting tools the IRA ever had’

Question 10

Bloody Sunday: When was it?

Answer 10

30th January 1972

Question 11

Bloody Sunday: Where did it happen?

Answer 11

The Catholic Bogside area of Derry

Question 12

Bloody Sunday: What led to clashes with troops?

Answer 12

A civil rights march

Question 13

Bloody Sunday: What was the result?

Answer 13

26 unarmed civilians were shot.
13 Catholic civilians
Many wounded

Question 14

Bloody Sunday: What was burnt down as a result?

Answer 14

The British Embassy in Dublin

Question 15

Bloody Sunday: Support for ______ grew because of this

Answer 15

The IRA

Question 16

How many explosions were set off in 1972 linked to The Troubles?

Answer 16

1382

Question 17

How many shootings happened as a result of the Troubles in 1972?

Answer 17

10,628

Question 18

How many people died in 1972 as a result of the Troubles?

Answer 18

480

Question 19

What did Heath suspend in March 1972?

Answer 19

Northern Ireland government

Question 20

With the Northern Irish government closed, how was it governed?

Answer 20

Direct rule from Westminster

Question 21

Who served as Secretary for Northern Ireland?

Answer 21

William Whitelaw

Question 22

Why did direct rule not help?

Answer 22

The IRA continued to escalate
The Catholics hated the new system

Question 23

Sunningdale: In December 1973, what did Whitelaw negotiate?

Answer 23

Power sharing

Question 24

Sunningdale: What did power sharing give the Catholics?

Answer 24

Direct role in government (first time since 1920)

Question 25

What was the power sharing agreement called?

Answer 25

Sunningdale Agreement

Question 26

Sunningdale: What was the Sunningdale Agreement?

Answer 26

Power sharing executive meant both sides were represented A new Assembly of Northern Ireland elected under a system of proportional representation A council of Ireland that would have some input from the Republic of Ireland

Question 27

Sunningdale: What was the problem with this agreement?

Answer 27

The social and economic problems faced by the Catholic minority had not been solved

Question 28

Which loyalist groups were against the Sunningdale Agreement?

Answer 28

The UVF and the UDA

Question 29

Who were the UVF?

Answer 29

Ulster Volunteer Force

Question 30

Who were the UDA?

Answer 30

Ulster Defence Association

Question 31

How many constituencies returned candidates opposed by Sunningdale?

Answer 31

11/12

Question 32

What did the Local Government Act of 1972 do?

Answer 32

Removed historic counties Created new boundaries

Question 33

What historic counties did the Local Government Act of 1972 remove?

Answer 33

e.g. Rutland and the Isle of Ely

Question 34

What new boundaries were created as a result of the Local Government Act of 1972?

Answer 34

e.g. Avon, Humberside, and Cleveland

Question 35

What did Walker refuse to allow?

Answer 35

Partisan gerrymandering over the new boundaries

Question 36

What is gerrymandering?

Answer 36

Political manipulation of electoral district boundaries with the intent to create undue advantage for a party

Question 37

EEC: When did Britain join the EEC?

Answer 37

1973

Question 38

EEC: Was Heath pro or anti-European?

Answer 38

Pro

Question 39

EEC: What did Heath play down to get entry to the EEC?

Answer 39

The special relationship

Question 40

EEC: Who was the President of France in 1971?

Answer 40

Pompidou

Question 41

EEC: Who expressed concerns over sovereignty?

Answer 41

Powell

Question 42

EEC: What did Heath accept?

Answer 42

That he could not change the EEC fundamentally

Question 43

EEC: What did opinion polls show?

Answer 43

A lack of support for membership