The Urinary (Renal System) Flashcards
If tests show someone has a high bp, anaemia, ureamic toxins, metabolic acidosis, hyperkalaemia and proteinuria, what could they have?
chronic renal failure
If someone has itching skin, sallow complexion, ureamic toxins, swollen ankles, peripheral neuropathy, breathlessness and stiff/painful joints, what could they have?
Chronic Renal Failure
What do the kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra make up?
The urinary system
What is posterior to the abdominal wall, inferior to the diaphragm, and has renal arteries that enter and veins and ureters that leave?
kidneys
What carries urine from the kidney to the bladder, has thick walls and a narrow tube, and has peristaltic contractions?
The ureter
What acts as a resevoir for storing urine, has both ureters entering it and the urethra leaving at the base, and 3 layers (serous, muscular and inner mucous coat)?
Bladder
How much urine should the bladder hold?
200-300ml
painful if get up to 500
What passes urine from the bladder to the exterior, is short in women and long in men?
Urethra
Name 6 functions of the kidney
Regulating body fluid volume and osmolality Electrolyte balance Formation of urine and excretion Acid-base balance Production of hormones Activation of vitamin D
How many nephrons are in a kidney?
About a million
The majority of nephrons in the kidney are which kind?
Cortical
Also some juxta medullary
What are the 4 functions of the nephron?
Glomerurular Filtration (formation of urine)
Tubular Reabsorption
Tubular Secretion
Water conservation
What does the renal corpuscle do?
filters blood
Filtration of a protein free plasma from the glomerulus to the bowmans capsule is also known as what?
glomerula filtration
We filter 160-180 litres of water a day. How much comes out as urine?
1-2 litres so most is reabsorbed
