Xray Signs Flashcards
What is the name of the procedure where in the sternum is opened vertically?
Stenotomy
What would you expect to see in a CXR on patient with PHx of rheumatic fever?
Enlarged heart due to mitral valve disease causing enlargement of LA
What are some causes of marked increase in size of the cardiac silhouette?
Cardiomyopathy
Mixed valvular heart disease
Pericardial effusion
What is the normal cardiothoracic ratio?
<50%
What is the hallmark of airspace opacity?
Fluffy opacity filling the terminal alveolar sacs and air bronchograms
How can you see an enlarged LA on lateral CXR?
Injest barium which will outline the oesophagus
A silhouette that obstructs the R hemidiaphragm would be in which lobe?
R lower lobe
How can you tell if a CXR is aligned properly coronally?
Look for the position of the spinous processes in respect to the clavicles
What are air bronchgrams?
The phenomenon of air-filled bronchi (dark) being made visible by the opacification of surrounding alveoli (grey/white). It is almost always caused by a pathologic airspace/alveolar process, in which something other than air fills the alveoli. Air bronchograms will not be visible if the bronchi themselves are opacified (e.g. by fluid) and thus indicate patent proximal airways.
What structure is in place of the R middle lobe in the L lung?
Lingula
What are some causes of airspace opacity in a patient 4 hours post operation?
Aspiration
Fluid overload due to fluid or blood transfusions
When is a expiration radiograph obtained deliberately?
Suspected pneumothorax - usually small ones
What are syndesmophytes?
Boney growth originating inside a ligament
What is a cause of pulmonary arterial enlargement
Pulmonary artery hypertension
Post stenotic pulmonary dilation
What are Kerly B-lines an indications of?
Interstitial oedema
