MSK 2 Flashcards
What Ix can be performed to investigate osteoporosis?
Calcium, phosphate and magnesium
Vitamin D levels
Renal and liver function
Bone densitometry
Thyroid function tests
Coeliac serology
How might you investigate a possible Paget’s?
Bone scan
ALP
Biopsy
How is osteoporosis treated? What is its side effect?
Bisphosphonates
Osteonecrosis of the jaw (and elsewhere)
What is hypertrophic pulmonary osteoarthropathy?
Periosteal new bone formation at the wrists and ankles causing pain
What are the complications of Paget’s disease?
Osteo and malignant fibrocytic sarcomas
Pathological fractures
Cranial neuropathies (base of skull involvement)
High output cardiac failure
What is a paraneoplastic effect?
Hormonally mediated effect of abnormal differentiation of a malignancy
What is the most common bone malignancy of the fingers?
Enchondroma - lytic lesion of bone
What are the stages of the Paget’s disease?
Acute lytic phase
Sclerotic phase
Mixed phase
How does Paget’s bones appear on Xray?
Expanded
Sclerotic
What are DDx for malignant bone lesions?
Met
Myeloma
Lymphoma
Sarcoma
What are some causes of osteopenia?
Myeloma
Renal osteodystrophy
- Osteomalacia
- Secondary hyper parathyroidism
- Dialysis related
Which bones are typically involved in Paget’s disease?
Tibia
Pelvis
Skull
