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Nursing > 115 Unit 7 > Flashcards

115 Unit 7 Flashcards

1
Q

____ is a basic component of health and is essential for normal growth and development, tissue maintenance and repair, cellular metabolism, and organ function.

A

Nutrition

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2
Q

____ is a chemical substance that provides nourishment and affects metabolic and nutritive processes.

A

Nutrients

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3
Q

____ are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen. Ar starches and sugars that are obtained mainly from plant foods, with the exception of lactose.

A

Carbohydrates

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4
Q

____ are the building blocks of proteins and are made of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, and nitrogens.

A

Amino Acids

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5
Q

____ are the most important components of proteins in the human body and are essential for synthesis of body tissue in growth, maintenance, and repair.

A

Amino Acids

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6
Q

____ are compounds that are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone.

A

Lipids (fats)

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7
Q

____ are made up of triglycerides and fatty acids and are a source of energy, providing 9kcal/g.

A

Lipids

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8
Q

____ are organic substances resent in small amounts in foods and are essential for normal metabolism.

A

Vitamins

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9
Q

____ are inorganic elements that catalyze biochemical reactions.

A

Minerals

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10
Q

____ refers to all of the bodily biochemical and physiological processes.

A

Metabolism

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11
Q

Nutrients are converted into necessary substances for cell function through what?

A

Metabolism

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12
Q

2 basic types of metabolism.

A

Catabolism & Metabolism

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13
Q

____ is the production of more complex chemical substances by synthesis of nutrients needed to build or repair body tissue.

A

Anabolism

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14
Q

____ is the breakdown of body tissues into simpler substances.

A

Catabolism

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15
Q

The liver and muscles store glucose in the form of glycogen through what process?

A

Glycogenesis

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16
Q

____ is a process that converts glucose to fat for storage?

A

Lipogenesis

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17
Q

What is the process that breaks down fat and amino acids for conversion to glucose when energy needs exceed glycogen storage.

A

Gluconeogenesis

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18
Q

____ represents the energy needs of a person at rest after awakening.

A

Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR)

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19
Q

____ is a calculation based on height and weight in children and adults that is a reliable indicator of body fat.

A

Body Mass Index (BMI)

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20
Q

____ is a systematic measurement of the size and makeup of the body using height and weight as the principal measures.

A

Anthropometry

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21
Q

____ refers to difficulty with swallowing.

A

Dysphagia

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22
Q

____ refers to difficulty with swallowing.

A

Dysphagia

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23
Q

____ refers to administration of nutrients and fluid into the stomach or intestinal tract via a feeding tube.

A

Enteral Nutrition

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24
Q

____ is the administration of a solution consisting of glucose, amino acids, minerals, electrolytes, trace elements, and vitamins through a peripheral or central venous catheter.

A

Parenteral Nutrition

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25
Q

____ is the use of specific nutritional therapies to treat an illness, injury, or condition.

A

Medical nutrition therapy

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26
Q

____ is information on each vitamin or mineral to reflect a range of minimum maximum amounts that avert deficiency or toxicity.

A

Dietary Reference Intake (DRI)

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27
Q

____ is a hollow tube inserted into the jejunum through the abdominal wall for administration of liquefied foods to patients who have a high risk of aspiration.

A

Jejunostomy tube

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28
Q

____ is a fatty acid in which some of he carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain are joined by double or triple bonds. Has only one or trible bond per molecule and are found as components of fats in such foods as fowls, almonds, pecans, cashews, peanuts and olive oil.

A

Monounsaturated Fatty Acid

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29
Q

____ is a fatty acid in which some of he carbon atoms in the hydrocarbon chain are joined by double or triple bonds. Has only one or trible bond per molecule and are found as components of fats in such foods as fowls, almonds, pecans, cashews, peanuts and olive oil.

A

Monounsaturated Fatty Acid

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30
Q

____ is a fatty acid that has two or more carbon double bonds.

A

Polyunsaturated fatty acid

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31
Q

____ is a fatty acid in which each carbon in the chain has an attached hydrogen atom.

A

Saturated fatty acid

32
Q

____ is a fatty acid in which an unequal number of hydrogen atoms are attached and the carbon atoms at ache to each other with a double bond.

A

Unsaturated Fatty Acid

33
Q

____ is the achievement of equal nitrogen input and output.

A

Nitrogen Balance

34
Q

____ is the achievement of equal nitrogen input and output.

A

Nitrogen Balance

35
Q

____ is the presence of bacteria in the urine.

A

Bacteriuria

36
Q

____ is the introduction of a catheter into a body cavity or organ to inject or remove fluid.

A

Catheterization

37
Q

____ painful urination resulting from bacterial infection of the bladder and obstructive conditions of the urethra.

A

Dysuria

38
Q

____ is a receptacle for volume measurement.

A

Graduated Measuring Container

39
Q

____ is an abnormal presence of blood in the urine.

A

Hematuria

40
Q

____ is urination. the act of passing or expelling urine voluntarily through the urethra.

A

Micturition

41
Q

____ is the presence in the urine of abnormally large quantities of protein, usually albumin.

A

Proteinuria

42
Q

____ is the volume of fine remaining in the bladder after a normal voiding.

A

Residual Urine

43
Q

____ is an artificially created opening between a body cavity and the body’s surface; for example a, colostomy, formed from apportion of the colon pulled through the abdominal wall.

A

Stoma

44
Q

____ is a catheter surgically inserted through abdomen into bladder.

A

Suprapubic Catheter

45
Q

____ is the diversion of urine away from a diseased or defective bladder through an artificial opening in the skin.

A

Ureterostomy

46
Q

_____ is the receptacle for collecting urine.

A

Urinal

47
Q

____ is the surgical diversion of the drainage of urine, such as a ureterostomy.

A

Urinary diversion

48
Q

____ is the inability to control urination.

A

Urinary Incontinence

49
Q

____ is the abnormal backward flow of urine.

A

Urinary Reflux

50
Q

____ is the retention of urine in the bladder; condition frequently caused by a temporary loss of muscle function.

A

Urinary retention

51
Q

____ is a receptacle for collecting urine that fits toilet.

A

Urinary Hat

52
Q

____ is a device for measuring frequent and small amounts of urine from an indwelling urinary catheter system.

A

Urometer

53
Q

____ is the presence of organisms in the bloodstream.

A

Urosepsis

54
Q

____ is the process of urinating.

A

Voiding

55
Q

____ can be a serious UTI caused by bacteria in the urine.

A

Bacteremia

56
Q

____ is the irritation of the bladder characterized by urgency, frequency, incontinence, suprapubic tenderness, and foul-smelling, cloudy urine.

A

Cystitis

57
Q

____ is an upper urinary tract infection.

A

Pyelonephritis

58
Q

____ is a complete inability of the bladder to empty.

A

Postvoid residuals

59
Q

____ are drugs that act to promote bowel evacuation.

A

Cathartics

60
Q

____ is a portion of the large intestine from the cecum to the rectum

A

Colon

61
Q

____ is a condition characterized by difficulty in passing stool or an infrequent passage of hard stool.

A

Constipation

62
Q

____ is the passage of feces from the digestive tract through the rectum.

A

Defecation

63
Q

____ is the increase in the number of stools and the passage of liquid, unformed feces.

A

Diarrhea

64
Q

____ is a procedure involving introduction of a solution into the rectum for cleansing or therapeutic purposes.

A

Enema

65
Q

____ is the accumulation of hardened fecal material in the rectum or sigmoid colon.

A

Fecal impaction

66
Q

____ is the inability to control passage of feces and gas from the anus

A

Fecal Incontinence

67
Q

____ measures microscopic amounts of blood in the feces.

A

Fecal Occult Blood Test (FOBT)

68
Q

____ is waste or excrement from the gastrointestinal tract.

A

Feces

69
Q

____ is intestinal gas.

A

Flatus

70
Q

____ is the permanent dilation and engorgement of veins within the lining of the rectum.

A

Hemorrhoids

71
Q

____ are drugs that act to promote bowel evacuation.

A

Laxatives

72
Q

____ is an abnormal black, sticky stool containing digested blood, indicative of gastrointestinal bleeding.

A

Melena

73
Q

____ is a surgical procedure in which an opening is made into the abdominal wall to allow the passage of intestinal contents from the bowel (colostomy) or urine from the bladder (urostomy).

A

Ostomy

74
Q

____ is the rhythmical contractions of the intestine that propel gastric contents through the length of the gastrointestinal tract.

A

Peristalsis

75
Q

____ is a temporary cessation of peristalsis occurs.

A

Ileus

76
Q

____ is defined as having fewer than 3 bowel movements per week.

A

Constipation

Nursing (21 decks)

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