3.7,3.8,3.9 reading

Question 1

what does the third ionization energy correspond to removing

Answer 1

the third valence electron

Question 2

what does the fourth ionization energy correspond to removing

Answer 2

the first core electron

Question 3

the first ionization energy ______ as you go down a column in the periodic table and ______ as you go right across a row in the periodic table

Answer 3

decreases; increases

Question 4

what is electron affinity of an atom

Answer 4

energy change associated with the atoms gaining of an an electron in the gaseous state

Question 5

what charge is electron affiinity usually, but not always

Answer 5

negative because an atom or ion usually releases energy when it gains an electron

Question 6

which statement best explains why sodium commonly forms a 1+ ion and not a 2+ion

Answer 6

sodium only has once valence electron which can be lost relatively easily; removing a second electron would be more difficult because it would have to be a core electron