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Uworld > Uworld Exam 8 > Flashcards

Uworld Exam 8 Flashcards

1
Q

What does this picture show? In what disease, do you famously see this?

A

Reactive CD8 T cell Lymphocytes; EBV

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2
Q

MIF Inhibits?

A

Female Internal Structures: Tubes Uterus Cervix, 1/3 of vagina

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3
Q

How do you calculate Relative Risk?

A

Incidence of the exposed/Incidence of unexposed

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4
Q

ECG shows HR 120 beats/min, irregular rhythm, narrow QRS complexes and no P waves. What is the problem?

A

Atrial Fibrillation

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5
Q

Acyclovir MOA? EBV/CMV vs HSV/VZV?

A

MOA: Guanosine analog that is activated into active triphosphate form via Thymidine kinase

In HSV and VZV, this kinase is produced but in EBV and CMV=>it is not produced

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6
Q

IL-4’s function?

A

Class switching for IgE and IgD

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7
Q

Why is there only a modest increase in BP when a patient exercises?

A

vasodilation within muscles

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8
Q

In an eukaryotic cell, if there is a DNA molecules that resemble bacterial chromosomes, you should think it is from?

A

mitochondria

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9
Q

Hyperphagia and obesity, what nucleus?

A

ventromedial

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10
Q

How would PO2, % saturation, and O2 content change with anemia, CO poisoning and polycythemia?

A

Anemia: PO2 and % saturation=Normal; O2 content=decreased

Polycythemia: PO2 and % saturation=Normal; O2 content=increased

CO Poisioning: PO2=Normal; % saturation and O2 content decreased

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11
Q

Patient has ABG of pH 7.59, pCO2 49 mmHg, and pO2 85? What kind of an acid base disorder does this patient have? What is the next best test of choice?

A

Metabolic Alkalosis, Check Urine chloride

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12
Q

A Patient has flushing, purple vascular lesions, watery diarrhea, bronchospasm w/abdominal tumor in the small intestine. Elevated Urine 5 HIAA. What is the Dx? and Tx?

A

Metastatic Carcinoid Tumor

Tx: Octreotide-Somatostatin Analog

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13
Q

Mortality Cancer in US for men and women?

A

men=LBC

women=LPC

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14
Q

MC inherited hypercoagulable (thrombophilic) disease?

A

Factor Leiden V

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15
Q

1 week old boy is vomiting and poorly feeding. The boy is dehydrated. Na+ 122 mEq/L. What is the mostly likely Dx?

A

Congenital Adrenal hyperlasia

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16
Q

MC Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia? What symptoms do you see in this disease?

A

21 hydroxylase def.=>Latter number=1=>increase in androgen synthesis

Cortisol, aldosterone synthesis decreased

17 progesterone elevated

serum ACTH elevated

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17
Q

What do you see in a patient with 17 hydroxylase def.?

A

Normal Kids with severe HTN.

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18
Q

In a female patient with 21 hydroxylase def., what do you see?

A

Increased virilization

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19
Q

Glucagon MOA in myocytes?

A

Increased cAMP and increased Ca2+ in cardiac myocytes

20
Q

What will you see in the lumbar puncture of a patient with Cryptococcus? TOC for acute and long term?

A

Low Glucose, and increased protein, usually grown on sabouraud agar

TOC acute: amphotericin B

Long Term: Azole

21
Q

Hypoxathine is converted to Uric Acid by? What drug inhibits this?

A

Xanthine Oxidase; Allopurinol

22
Q

Long Term Drugs for Gout?

A

Uricosuric agents: Probenicid or sulfinpyrazone

Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitors: Allopurinol

23
Q

Probenecid MOA? Use? AE?

A

MOA: inhibits reabsorption uric acid in the proximal convoluted tubules

Use: Chronic Gout in patients with good renal function

AE: Uric Acid Stones (Caliculi)

24
Q

Allopurinol MOA? Use?

A

MOA: Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor

Use: Chronic Gout

25
Q

MC prosthetics, shunt placement and catheter bug?

A

Staph Epidermidis

26
Q

What Immunoglobulin cannot cross the placenta?

A

IgM

27
Q

What disease is a benign epidermal tumor that presents as a tan to brown, round, flat coin-like lesion that looks like it can be scrapped off (stuck on appearance)?

A

Seborrheic Keratosis

28
Q

IV drug user with high grade fever, fatigue and dyspnea with hemmorhagic infarc in the lungs. Dx?

A

Tricuspid Endocarditis by S. Aureus

29
Q

Okazaki fragments are put together by?

A

DNA Ligase

30
Q

Pencillin and Cephalosporin MOA? Resistance?

A

MOA: Binds to PBP irreversibly and inhibits transpeptidases

Resistance: Through Protein structural change

31
Q

HBcAg makes what kind of proteins? And where is it?

A

Core protein=>hepatocytes

32
Q

Glycoprotein that forms spheres and tubules that is about 22 nm in diameter that poorly correlates with viral replication is associated with what antigen?

A

HBsAg

33
Q

With Statins, MC adverse effect and what should you check?

A

Rhabdomyolysis and LFTs

34
Q

Sudden, painless, onesided blindness with cherry red macula. Dx?

A

Central retinal artery occlusion

35
Q

Alpha 1 adenergic stimulation can cause reflex?

A

bradycardia

36
Q

Flattened Face, epicanthal folds and endocardial cushion defect. MOA?

A

Down Syndrome: Nonmeiotic disjunction

37
Q

Chewing difficulty, persistent headaches, and tenderness over the temples. Dx?

A

Temporal Giant Cell arteritis

38
Q

Hemoglobin of 9.0 g, increased LDH and indirect bilirubin increased.

A

hemolyic anemia

39
Q

RBCs incubated hypotonic saline, hemoglobin is released. What test is it? and what is specific for? MOA of the disease?

A

Positive osmotic fragility Test; Hereditary Spherocytosis (AD)

MOA: Spectrin and ankrin def.

40
Q

With any hemolytic anemia, the patient is at an increased risk of developing what?

A

Pigmented Gallstones

41
Q

MC neurological complication of VZV?

A

Post Herpetic Neuralgia

42
Q

Asbestos workers are more likely to get what kind of cancer?

A

Bronchogenic Carcinoma>Mesothelioma

43
Q

Female with exertional dyspnea has inherited condition. Mostly likely MOA of her disease?

A

BMPR2=>Vascular smooth muscle proliferation

44
Q

Hypotensive, tachycardic, hypoglycemic, with vomiting and weight loss you should think? DOC?

A

Adrenal Crisis (b/c of adrenal insufficiency)

DOC: Glucocorticoids

45
Q

Hx of travel, Anorexia, nausea, dark urine, low grade fever and mild right upper abd. quadrant tenderness suggests? A Bx is likely to show which of the following?

A

Acute Viral Hepatitis,

Bx: Diffuse Ballooning degeneration, mononuclear cell infiltrates, and councilman bodies

46
Q

What is the haldane effect and where does it occur? What is opposite to this effect and where does that occur?

A

Haldane effect=>increases in O2 leads to CO2 and H+ unloading; in the lungs

Bohr Effect=>peripheral tissues

47
Q

Primary Ammenorhea in a patient with fully developed secondary sexual characteristics suggests the presence of? MCC of this presence is?

A

Anatomic defect MC=>imperforated hymen

Uworld (27 decks)

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