618 quiz 3 SCI etc Flashcards
Neutropenia
low number of neutrophils in blood causing pt. to be at risk for developing infectious disease. Blood cancer, HIV, chemotherapy, aplastic anemia, vitamin B12 deficiency, autoimmune disease
Nosocomial infection
infections caught in hospital..ie UTI, pressure sores
MDRO
multi drug resistant organisms: typically transmitted from pt to pt by healthcare workers.
Sepsis
systematic inflammatory response where spread of infection from initial site into bloodstream occurs. Leads to inflammation and decreased blood flow to vital organs. Caused by bacteria, viruses, parasites, fungus infection. occurs in those critically ill such as UTI, brain infections, cellulitis, pneumonia.
MRSA
bacteria that causes staph infection but is resistant to penicillin, amoxicillin, methicillin. Can infect community healthy people with skin infections that look like boils. 1/3 causes during hospital stays. Causes blood infections, surgical site infections, infections spread by hand.
HEP A
transmitted by hep A in areas of poor sanitation usually through food or water, transmitted by stool, jaundice, abd pain, fever, fatigue, diarrhea, once you get it can never get it again.
HEP B
liver disease caused by HBV virus, spread through intimate contact, can cause lifetime scarring of liver.
HEP C
commonly sexually transmitted, liver disease caused by HVC in blood of people with disease. Leads to chronic liver infection, need for liver transplant.
Gastroenteritis Norovirus
highly contagious viruses that cause diarrhea, quick onset with fatigue, malaise, myalgia, cramps, handwashing, wear gloves, spread by fecal contaminated food.
C Diff
bacteria causing diarrhea or colitis, watery diarrhea, fever, nausea, appetite loss, abdominal tenderness. OT must wash with soap. Can get it through touching surfaces.
What are common infectious disease OT’s treat?
Shingles, concentrated rash on trunk, airborne or contact with blisters, can lead to neuralgia, CNS problems, pneumonia.
What are common autoimmune conditions OT’s treat and what is the role of OT?
activity modifications, positioning, pain management, IADL performance, energy conservation strategies, splinting, maximize self-care independence, AE and DME.
SCI
-Know the demographics and epidemiology
80% males, vehicle accidents and falls are most cause. 12,00 per year.
Brown sequard syndrome
damage to ½ the cord, same side proprioceptive and motor loss, opposite side loss of pain and temp.
Central cord syndrome
incomplete injury, cervical region, damage to center part of cord, Greater UE weakness.
Anterior cord syndrome: front part of body
Variable motor and sensory loss, intact proprioception. Usually a whiplash inj. older pt fall, incomplete.
Conus medullaris syndrome
lesion to sacral cord and lumbar nerve roots stretched or damaged, bladder, bowel, LE deficits.
Cauda equine syndrome
LMN injury to lumbosacral n roots, bladder, bowel, LE deficits
heterotopic ossification
the process by which bone tissue forms outside of the Skelton.
autonomic dysreflexia
uncontrolled sympathetic activity flowing from SC below lesion level, T6 and above, bladder infection, sexual stim, pressure sores, Symptoms: severe, pounding headache, sweating above lesion level, stuffy nose, flushing, bradycardia. TX: elevate head, eliminate offending stimulus, positioning to prevent pressure sores, skin check, loosen clothing or constrictive devices, check catheter for kinks, monitor BP.
orthostatic hypotension
blood pressure drops dangerously low in response to upright positioning. Pallor, visual changes, T6 and above.
Pallor
deficiency of color especially of the face : paleness
Elbow flexors
C5
Wrist extensors
C6
Elbow extensors
C7
Finger flexors
C8