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Drugs > All Random > Flashcards

All Random Flashcards

1
Q

anti-platelets

A

Aspirin, Clopridogrel
Angina, Acute MI, CVA/TIA, high risk MI
SE- haemorrhage

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2
Q

cromolyns

A

cromoglycate

asthma, mast cell stabiliser

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3
Q

anti- TNF

A

infliximab, adalimumab
bind to TNF and reduce production
severe IDB

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4
Q

Potassium sparing diuretic

A

spironolactone (reduces aldosterone)
fluid retention, HF, prevent hypokalaemia
SE- nausea, sickness, postural hypo, tiredness, fainting, gyneocomastia

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5
Q

immunosuppressant

A

methotrexate, azathioprine
reduce immune responce
TH1 in chron’s TH1 and 2 in UC

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6
Q

Corticosteroid (GI)

A

prednisolone, bucladesine
block substances that trigger allergic/ inflammatory response
acute attacks of IDB- high dose then reduce
SE- adrenal suppression, osteoporosis, hair thinning, weight gain, acne, diabetes, hypotension

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7
Q

aminosalicylates

A

5-ASA, sulfasalazine, mesalasine
reduce inflammation and cancer risk in IBD
mild UC, crohn’s
SE- nausea, vomitting, diarrhoea, headache, indigestion, allergies

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8
Q

PPIs

A

omeprazole
irreversibly inhibits H/K ATPase in stomach parietal cells
Peptic ulcer, gastritis, GORD, zollinger Ellisa syndrome
SE- increased risk of Cdif and pneumonia

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9
Q

Ca channel blockers

A 
verapamil, diltiazem
rate limiting
amlodipine (dihydropyridines)
hypertension, angina, rate limiting, SVT and AF
caution when given with Bblockers
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10
Q

Corticosteroids (resp)

A

beclomethasone, oral prednisolone
p- acute asthma and COPD
b- inhaled as preventer- asthma, COPD

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11
Q

PGE analog

A

decrease acid secretion despite prostaglandin inhibition from COX inhibitor
prevent gastric damage due to NSAID
SE- diarrhoea, dont use in child bearing age

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12
Q

mucosal strengtheners

A

bismuth, sucralfate
bind to ulcer base, provide physical protection and allow HCO3 secretion to increase pH
ulcer healing, travelers diarrhoea

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13
Q

B blockers

A

cardio selective- atenolol non- propanolol (PAN ALL OVER-NON SPEC)
hypertension, angina, HF
SE- dont use in asthma or COPD, tiredness, worsening of HF (start slow), cold peripheries

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14
Q

Angiotensin 2 receptor blocker (ARB)

A

losartan (SARTAN)
HF, hypertension- used instead of ACEi if dry cough
SE- renal dysfunction, not in pregnancy

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15
Q

anticoagulant

A

heparin iv- fast
warfarin oral- slow- vit k antagonist (controlled by INR)
DVT, small PE, NSTEMI, AF
SE- haemorrhage

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16
Q

Thiazide diuretic

A

bendroflumethiazide
hypertension
SE- impotence, hypokalemia, tired, arrhythmias

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17
Q

Fibrinolytics

A

streptokinase, tPA
STEMI, large PE, CVA
SE- haemorrhage- avoid if recent trauma, bleed, peptic ulcer

18
Q

ACEi

A

lisinopril, ramipril
hypertension, HF
SE- dry cough, renal dysfunction, oedema, never use in pregnancy

19
Q

Anti acids

A

AlOH, CaHCO3, MgOH
neutralise stomach acid
GORD, ulcers, dyspepsia
SE- constipation, hypercalcaemia, diarrhoea, hypotension, cardiac problems

20
Q

Digoxin

A

controls cardiac rhythm by reducing AV conduction time
AF
SE- bradycardia, heart block, nausea, yellow vision, ventricle irritability

21
Q

PDE4 inhibitors

A

rofluminast- oral
anti inflammatory, reduces exacerbation
COPD, add on to LAMA and LABA in frequent exacerbations
SE- nausea, diarrhoea, headache, weight loss

22
Q

ezetimibe

A

binds to NPILI and prevent uptake of cholesterol

high cholesterol

23
Q

M antagonists (GI)

A

hyosine, scopolamine
inhibits GI movement and relaxes GI tract
prophylaxis- motion sickness
SE- blurred vision, urine retention, dry mouth, sedation

24
Q

Fat folk

A

orlistat
inhibits pancreatic lipase- decreased breakdown and absorption of fats
induce weight loss
SE- steatarrhoea, decreased absorption of fat soluble vitamins

25
Q

cysteinyl leukotriene receptor antagonist

A

montelukast oral
early in asthma
bronchodilation and anti-inflammatory
good in exercise induced asthma and allergic rhinitis

26
Q

5HT3 antagonist

A

ondansetron
decreases vagal stimulation
anti emetic (non motion sickness)
post op + cancer chemo

27
Q

laxative

A 
lactulose- slow
magnesium hydroxide- fast
osmostic load drains water into GI tract
constipation
SE- diarrhoea, dehydration, bulemics may use
28
Q

nitrates

A

isosorbidemononitrate, GTN
angina, acute HF
SE- headaches, hypotension, tolerence (need 8 hourse per day nitrate free)

29
Q

loop diuretic

A

furosemide
HF
SE- hyperglycaemia, diabetes, increased uric acid- gout

30
Q

Anti cholesterol agents

A

statins- simvustatin
hypercholestremia, diabetes, angina, MI, over 55
fibrates- hezafibrate
hypertriglyceridaemia, low HDL
SE- Myopathy, rhabdomyolysis (muscle fibres in the blood)

31
Q

methylxanthines

A

theophylline, aminophylline
oral theo for maintenance, added to ICS for asthma and COPD
iv amino for acute attacks

32
Q

purgatives

A

bisacodyl, sodium picosulfate, senna
clearing of bowels
before surgery, constipation when straining is damaging, angina/ haemarrhoids

33
Q

anti- diarrhoeals

A

codeine, loperamide, diphenoxylate
slow down contractions in stomach
SE- constipation

34
Q

B2 agonists

A

SABA- salbutamol LABA- salmeterol/formoterol
asthma COPD
SE- tremours, increased HR

35
Q

cannabinoids

A

anti emetic used in patients that have not responded to other anti emetics during chemotherapy

36
Q

dopamine2 receptor antagonist

A

metoclopramide (during MI with morphine), domperidone (safer)
block dopamine receptors in CTZ
anti emetic

37
Q

NK1 receptor antagonists

A

aprepitant

anti emetic often added to 5MT3 antagonist in cancer chemo

38
Q

mucolytics

A

carbocysteine
reduce sputum viscosity
COPD

39
Q

Histamine receptor antagonist (anti emetic)

A

cyclizine, cinnarizine
block vestibular and NTS
motion sickness
SE- sedation

40
Q

H2 blockers (stomach use)

A

ranitidine, cimetidine
reversible block of H2 receptors in parietal cell, reduced H+ production
peptic ulcer, gastritis, mild oesophageal reflux
SE- gynaecomastia, prolactin release, confusion, impotence

41
Q

M antagonists

A

block of M1 and M3 desirable, not M2
quaterny group reduces systemic absorption
SAMA ipratropium
LAMA tiotropium (M3 selective)
COPD- reduces exacerbations
highnebulised ipr in acute asthmaand COPD
stop bronchoconstictor effect of M3

Drugs (7 decks)

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