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geology rocks and processes > igneous compositions and rocks > Flashcards

igneous compositions and rocks Flashcards

1
Q

how much silica in silicic rocks

A

66-75%

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2
Q

how much silica in intermediate rocks@?

A

52-66%

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3
Q

how much silica in mafic rocks?

A

45-52%

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4
Q

how much silica in ultra mafic rocks?

A

> 45%

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5
Q

what does grain size tell you in igneous rocks?

A

rate of cooling

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6
Q

what does composition and colour (mafic/silicic etc..) tell you about igneos rocks

A

silica content

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7
Q

what does texture tell you about igneous rocks?

A

origin (where it formed)

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8
Q

what is the relationship between silica % and viscosity?

A

the more silica, the more viscous

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9
Q

COARSE SILICIC ign ROCK

A

granite (and granodiorite)

TEXTURE: porhyritic/equigranular

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10
Q

FINE SILICIC ign ROCK

A

rhyolite

TEXTURE; flow banded

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11
Q

GLASSY SILICIC ign ROCK

A

obsidian
TEXTURE: glassy (with choncoidal fracture)
pumice
TEXTURE: vesicular

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12
Q

what do silicic magmas contain?

A

mostly quartz
plagioclase + potash ? feldspar
muscovite and biotite mica

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13
Q

what temp do silicic magmas cool and solifdify at?

A

lower temps 600-900C

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14
Q

what temp does intermediate magma solidify at?

A

higher temp than a silicic magma

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15
Q

where are andesites (fine intermediate) common at?

A

convergent plate margins

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16
Q

FINE INTERMEDIATE ign rock

A

andesite

17
Q

COARSE INTERMEDIATE ign rock

A

diorite

18
Q

FINE MAFIC ign rocks

A

basalt

19
Q

MEDIUM MAFIC ign rock

A

dolerite

20
Q

COARSE MAFIC ign rock

A

gabbro

21
Q

texture of andesite

A

vesicular, amygdaloidal, porphyriitic OR equigranular

22
Q

texture of diorite

A

equigranular + porphyritic

23
Q

`texure of basalt

A

vesicular or amygdaloidal or porphyrictic or equigranular

24
Q

texture of dolorite

A

porphyritic or equigranular

25
Q

texture of gabbro

A

equigranular

26
Q

example of an ultra mafic rock (most common)

A

peridotite

geology rocks and processes (10 decks)

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