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brain and cognition quiz questions Flashcards

1
Q

In most persons, a key function of the left hemisphere
Answers:
A. is to control the left side of the body
B. is the control of language
C. relates to spatial perception
D. is to receive olfactory information from the right nostril

A

b

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2
Q 
\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ is the primary neurotransmitter secreted by motor axons of the CNS.
Answers:	
A. Dopamine
B. Acetylcholine
C. Serotonin
D. GABA
A

b

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3
Q 
the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technique measures changes in \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ to image brain metabolic activity.
Answers:	
A. x-ray diffraction
B. blood oxygen level
C. magnetic waves
D. glucose levels
A

b

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4
Q

At rest,

A. A neuron has a membrane potential of about -70mV
B. The electrical charge outside of a neuron is 70mV less than inside of neuron
C. A neuron is polarized
D. A & C

A

d

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5
Q 
The spinal gray matter has four arms; among those are two:
Answers:	
A. ventral roots
B. ventral horns
C. posterior horns
D. B & C
A

a

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6
Q 
All neurons with an axon and several dendrites emanating from the soma are
Answers:	
A. interneurons
B. unipolar
C. multipolar
D. bipolar
A

c

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7
Q 
Drugs that facilitate the postsynaptic receptor effects are termed
Answers:	
A. agonists
B. synergists
C. antagonists
D. pheromones
A

a

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8
Q 
Neurotransmitter molecules are most commonly secreted from the
Answers:	
A. glial cell
B. dendrite
C. axon terminal
D. soma
A

c

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9
Q 
Big is to small as fissures are to
Answers:	
A. gyri
B. sulcus
C. sulci
D. gyrus
A

c

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10
Q 
Which was the first developed technique for visualizing the living human brain?
Answers:	
A. computerized tomography
B. diffusion tensor imaging
C. magnetic resonance imaging
D. microdialysis
A

a

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11
Q

Which of the following statements is false
Answers:
A. Overspill coding is a problem for the Levels of Processing Theory
B. Overspill coding breaks the co-ordinality assumption
C. The overspill coding effect means that shallow tasks will probably involve some degree of semantic processing
D. The Stroop effect shows that overspill coding is not a problem for the Levels of Processing theory

A

d

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12
Q 
Which of these is not an advantage of ecologically valid research?
Answers:	
A. Relevance to real world
B. Practical predictions
C. Acknowledges individual differences
D. Provides better experimental contro
A

d

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13
Q

Unlike most other theories of forgetting, consolidation provides a explanation of:
Answers:
A. Why we forget things
B. Why the rate of forgetting decreases with time
C.
Why interference is greatest when two different responses are associated with the same stimulus
D. All of the available data on forgetting

A

b

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14
Q

Why are incidental memory tasks usually used in memory research.
Answers:
A. To control for experimenter effects.
B. To prevent the subject from guessing the purpose of the study.
C. To ensure that the experimenter can control the type of processing target items receive during encoding and storage.
D. To produce serial position curves.

A

c

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15
Q

One factor that reduces the recency effect is
Answers:
A. Adding a delay
B. Using words that are semantically related
C. Speeding up presentation
D. Using unfamiliar words

A

a

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16
Q

Digit span in Chinese is longer than digit span in English. This is evidence that:
Answers:
A. Chinese people have better long term memory systems.
B. Chinese people have better working memory systems.
C. Short term memory is sensitive to articulation rate.
D. Digit names in English are easily confused, which reduces span.

A

c

17
Q 
According to Tulving semantic memories are:
Answers:	
A. Anoetic
B. Noetic
C. Autonoetic
D. Both B and C
A

b

18
Q 
According to Tulving semantic memories are:
Answers:	
A. Anoetic
B. Noetic
C. Autonoetic
D. Both B and C
A

b

19
Q

When crossing the road, we sometimes use the sound of a car to direct visual attention. This is a example of:

Answers:	
A. 
Auditory attention
B. 
Cross modal attention
C. 
Covert attention
D. 
Attention to significant attention
A

b

20
Q

Which of the following findings supports a multiple resources theory of divided attention and not a central resources theory?

Answers:
A.
Tasks that are automatic produce less interference
B.
Tasks that are difficult interfere more with other tasks, regardless of similarity
C.
The more dissimilar two tasks are, the less they interfere with one another
D.
There is a psychological refractory period

A

c

21
Q

What kind of transfer are educationalists interested in?

Answers:	
A. 
Maximising transfer
B. 
Near transfer
C. 
Far transfer
D. 
Neutral transfer
A

c

22
Q

Which of the following findings is consistent with Broadbent’s model of auditory attention?

Answers:
A.
Participants who are experienced at shadowing detect more of the meaning of the message in the unattended channel
B.
Some participants are aware of their own name when it is presented in the non-shadowed channel
C.
Participants may show skin conductance responses to information presented in the non-shadowed channel
D.
Participants in dichotic listening tasks recall information ear by ea

A

d

23
Q

According to Chase and Simon (1973), the reason why some chess players are so much better than others is because:

Answers:
A.
Expert chess players use similar strategies to computer programmers
B.
Experts can remember larger chunks of information about board states than can novices
C.
Expert chess players take longer to consider their moves
D.
Expert chess players have a larger long term memory than novices

A

b

24
Q

In studies of inattentional blindness, the likelihood of noticing an unattended event has been found to be influenced by

Answers:
A.
previous familiarity with the unattended event
B.
the delay between the unattended event and being asked whether it was noticed
C.
the similarity of the unattended event to the attended event
D.
the emotional value of the unattended event

A

c

25
Q

According to Shiffrin and Schneider’s (1977) theory, which of the following statements applies to controlled processes?

Answers:	
A. 
They have no capacity limitations
B. 
They are hard to modify once learned
C. 
They do not require attention
D. 
They can be used flexibly in changing circumstances
A

d

26
Q

Which of the following suggests that people’s decision making departs from rational behaviour?

Answers:
A.
Subjective and objective probabilities are different
B.
Perceived justification does not affect decision making
C.
People’s choices are inconsistent across identical situations
D.
People’s decisions are affected by emotion

A

c

27
Q

Bayes Theorum is useful because

Answers:
A.
Provides a model of how people solve problems in the real world
B.
Shows how prior information can influence the probability of an outcome
C.
Provides an example of the framing effect
D.
Is a quick and simple way to calculate probabilities

A

b

28
Q

Evidence from many studies of the psychological refractory period have offered support for the predictions of:

Answers:	
A. 
Capacity theory
B. 
Cognitive bottleneck theory
C. 
Instance theory
D. 
Feature integration theory
A

b

29
Q

In the Towers of Hanoi problem, what kind of heuristic or strategy is said to be used to avoid any moves reversing the immediately preceding move?

Answers:	
A. 
Hill climbing heuristic
B. 
Means ends strategy
C. 
Anti-looping heuristic
D. 
Balancing strategy
A

c

Psychology (8 decks)

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