Chapter 21

Question 1

a phase of relaxed tensions and improved relations between two adversaries

Answer 1

détente

Question 2

a person who speaks out against the regime in power

Answer 2

dissident

Question 3

Mikhail Gorbachev’s plan to reform the Soviet Union by restructuring its economy

Answer 3

perestroika

Question 4

a policy of killing or forcibly removing an ethnic group from its lands; used by the Serbs against the Muslim minority in Bosnia

Answer 4

ethnic cleansing

Question 5

self-governing

Answer 5

autonomous

Question 6

the economic belief of British prime minister Margaret Thatcher, which limited social welfare and restricted union power

Answer 6

Thatcherism

Question 7

the state that exists when a government spends more than it collects in revenues

Answer 7

budget deficit

Question 8

an artistic movement that emerged in the early 1960s; pop artists took images from popular culture and transformed them into works of fine art

Answer 8

pop art

Question 9

an artistic movement that emerged in the 1980s; its artists do not expect rationality in the world and are comfortable with the many “truths”

Answer 9

post modernism

Question 10

U.S. president elected in 1980; called the Soviet Union an “evil empire” He began a military buildup and a new arms race. He gave military aid to the Afghan rebels

Answer 10

Ronald Reagan

Question 11

came to power in the Soviet Union and brought a dramatic end to the Cold War. He encouraged glasnost, a policy of openness in foreign policy

Answer 11

Mikhail Gorbachev

Question 12

emerged as the dominant leader of the Soviet Union. He wanted to keep Eastern Europe communist and not make reforms

Answer 12

Leonid Brezhnez

Question 13

president of the Russian Republic who resisted the rebel forces in Moscow

Answer 13

Boris Yeltsin

Question 14

elected president of Russia in 2000. Vowed to adopt a more assertive national role and to get Chechnya back

Answer 14

Vladimir Putin

Question 15

organized a national trade union in Poland known as Solidarity. It gained the support of the workers and of the Roman Catholic Church (Pope John Paul II)

Answer 15

Lech Walesa

Question 16

a writer who had played an important role in bringing down the Communist government

Answer 16

Vàclav Havel

Question 17

became leader of the Yugoslav republic of Serbia in 1987 and rejected the efforts of those wanting independence

Answer 17

Slobodan Milosevic

Question 18

first social democratic chancellor of West Germany. Signed a treaty with East Germany that led to better relation

Answer 18

Willy Brandt

Question 19

pledged to limit social welfare, restrict union power, and end inflation. Doing same things a Reagan

Answer 19

Margaret Thatcher

Question 20

shifted US politics to the right. Economic issues became the focus of domestic policy by the mid 1970s

Answer 20

richard Nixon

Question 21

prime minister of Canada, Wanted to preserve a united Canada

Answer 21

Pierre Trudeau

Question 22

an artist who conveyed emotion and feeling and wasn’t concerned with subject matter

Answer 22

Jackson Pollock

Question 23

took his subject matter from commercial art; pop artist

Answer 23

Andy Warhol

Question 24

popular musician in the 1950s

Answer 24

Elvis Presley

Question 25

famous English band in the 1960s

Answer 25

Beatles

Question 26

critical in destroying the USSR, supports liberation of people in USSR, starts in Poland

Answer 26

Pope John Paul II