Chemistry Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

empirical formula

A

most reduced chemical formula

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

atomic number

A

number of protons in nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

mass number

A

number of protons + neutrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

isotopes

A

two atoms of the same element that differ in their number of neutons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

alpha particle

A

2 neutrons and 2 protons, alpha decay subtracts 4 from the mass number and 2 from the atomic number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

beta decay

A

adds 1 to the atomic number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

positron emission

A

subtracts 1 from atomic number

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

emission spectrum

A

wavelengths of light emitted when electricity is run through a gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

diamagnetic

A

an atom that has all of its electrons spin-paired, it would have no magnetic field and be repelled by an externally produced magnetic field

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

exception to electron pairing rule

A

d orbitals want to be half filled or totally filled, can take an electron from s orbital

also all s electrons are lost before d electrons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

atom in an excited state

A

has the same number of electrons but one is in a higher energy level

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

periodic trend: atomic radius

A

bottom left is largest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

periodic trend: ionization energy

A

top right is largest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

periodic trend: electron affinity

A

top right has highest affinity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

periodic trend: electronegativity

A

top right is most electronegative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

periodic trend acidity

A

bottom right is most acidic (based on the stability of the anion)

17
Q

homolytic vs. heterolytic bond cleavage

A

homolytic - electrons are shared during split

heterolytic (dissociation) - electrons are taken by one atom

18
Q

coordinate covalent bond

A

when an atom donates both its lone pair electrons to form a bond

19
Q

Zeroth law of thermodynamics

A

like the associative property, if two systems are in thermal equilibrium with a third system, they are all in thermal equilibrium with each other

20
Q

first law of thermodynamics

A

the total energy of the universe is constant, energy can not be created or destroyed

21
Q

flow of energy statements

A

when energy flows into a system the energy of the surroundings decrease and when energy flows out of a system the energy of the surroundings increase

22
Q

bonds and energy formation

A

energy is required to break bonds, energy is released when bonds are formed

23
Q

isoelectric species

A

have the same electron configuration