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Renal > Renal/Kidney Stones > Flashcards

Renal/Kidney Stones Flashcards

1
Q

MC Kidney Stone? MC presentation?

A

Calcium oxalate stone

Calcium oxalate stone in patient with hypercalciuria and normocalcemia

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2
Q

Which Stones precipitate in Low pH?

A

Calcium oxalate
Uric Acid
Cystine

“U C Acid Ox”

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3
Q

Which stones precipitate in High pH?

A

Calcium phosphate
Ammonium magnesium phosphate (Struvite)

“Phosphate is Basic”

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4
Q

Which Stones are NOT shown (RadioUcent) on x-ray?

A

Uric Acid, Unseen in x-ray

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5
Q

Calcium Oxalate Stones Causes?

A 
Ethylene glycol (antifreeze)
Crohn's Disease=>due to increased oxalate reabsorption
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6
Q

Calcium Oxalate Stones Crystals Description?

A

Envelope-dumbbell shaped calcium oxalate

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7
Q

Calcium Oxalate Stones Tx?

A

Thiazides

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8
Q

Ammonium magnesium phosphate stones Causes?

A

Urease ⊕ bugs (e.g., Proteus mirabilis, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Klebsiella)

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9
Q

Urease ⊕ bugs pathogenesis?

A

Hydrolyze urea to ammonia=>urine alkalinization

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10
Q

Another name for Ammonium magnesium phosphate stones?

A

Struvite

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11
Q

Staghorn Calciculi in Adults?

A

AMP stones

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12
Q

Staghorn Calciculi in Children?

A

Cystine stones

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13
Q

Ammonium magnesium phosphate stones Tx?

A

Surgical removal stone

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14
Q

MC stone in patient w/gout and leukemia?

A

Uric Acid Stones

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15
Q

Risk Factors for Uric Acid Stone?

A

Arid Climates=>Low volume and acidic pH

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16
Q

Uric Acid stones Tx?

A

Alkalinization of urine

17
Q

Cystine Stone Pathogenesis?

A

PCT absorption of Cystine loses function

18
Q

Cystine makes what kind of stone?

A

Six-tine makes a six-sided stone

19
Q

Cystine stones Tx?

A

Alkalinization of the urine

20
Q

Unilateral flank tenderness, colicky pain radiating to groin, hematuria

A

Kidney Stones

Renal (14 decks)

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