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Renal > Nephritic/Nephrotic > Flashcards

Nephritic/Nephrotic Flashcards

1
Q

RBC Casts show?

A

Glomerulonephritis, Malignant HTN

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2
Q

WBC Casts show?

A

Acute pyelonephritis, transplant rejection

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3
Q

Granular (muddy brown) Casts show?

A

Acute Tubular Necrosis

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4
Q

Waxy Casts show?

A

End-stage renal disease/chronic renal failure

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5
Q

Black Urine shows?

A

Alkaptonuria

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6
Q

Pink/Red Urine shows?

A

Porphyria

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7
Q

Brown/Tea colored urine shows?

A

Hyperbiliruinemia

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8
Q

2 Weeks after infection of pharynx and skin patient presents with periorbital edema and cola-colored urine?

A

A PSGN

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9
Q

PSGN EM?

A

Subepithelial immune complex deposition

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10
Q

PSGN virulence factor? What is its MOA?

A

M protein-Nephritic StrainMOA: prevents Munching/Phagocytosis

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11
Q

PSGN HSR?

A

Type 3 HSR

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12
Q

PSGN Labs?

A

Increased anti-DNase B titers Decreased Complement Levels

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13
Q

PSGN Treatment and Complication?

A

Tx: supportiveComplication: RPGN

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14
Q

RPGN LM and IF?

A

Crescent Moon shaped

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15
Q

RPGN Prognosis?

A

Poor

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16
Q

What is inside the RPGN Crescent Moon shape IF/LM?

A

Fibrin and macrophages

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17
Q

MOA of Nephritic Syndrome?

A

Immune complex deposition that leads to Inflammed glomeruli+release C5a=>attracts neutrophils=>damaged and hypercellular glomeruli

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18
Q

How do should you group Nephritic Syndromes?

A

Linear=> good pasture
Granular=>PSGN, Diffuse
Negative=>WeCener, Churg, Microscopic

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19
Q

Hematuria, Hemoptysis and Sinuitis is unique to?

A

WeCeners

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20
Q

Diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis (DPGN) MC cause?

A

SLE

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21
Q

DPGN LM?

A

Wire looping

22
Q

IgA nephropathy (Berger disease) Presentation?

A

renal insufficiency or acute gastroenteritis with Episodic hematuria with RBC casts

23
Q

IgA nephropathy is related to what vasculitis?

A

Renal pathology of Henoch-Schönlein purpura.

24
Q

MC nephropathy world wide?

A

IgA nephropathy (Berger disease)

25
Q

What will you see in IF?

A

IF—IgA-based IC deposits in mesangium.

26
Q

Alport syndrome MOA?

A

Type 4 (Flip the Al in alport)=> thinning and splitting of glomerular basement membrane

27
Q

Alport Syndrome Genetics?

A

Most commonly X-linked.

28
Q

Alport Triad?

A

Can’t see, Can’t pee and Can’t Hear High C

29
Q

EM for Alport?

A

“Basket-weave” appearance on EM.

30
Q

Any word that has membrano means?

A

Thickening membrane

31
Q

MPGN type 1 shows?

A

subendothelial “tram-track” appearance on PAS stain

32
Q

MPGN type 2 shows?

A

intramembranous IC deposits; “dense deposits”

33
Q

Type 1 is secondary to?

A

Hep B or C infection

34
Q

Type 2 is associated with?

A

C3 factor=> stabilizes C3 convertase=>decreases 􏰂􏰁serum C3 levels

35
Q

Nephrotic Syndrome, What are the groupings?

A

MCD and FSGS=>Effacement of foot process
Membranous nephropathy/ MPGN=>1. Thickened membrane 2. Cause: immune deposition
DM/Amyloidosis=>amyloid/glucose deposition

36
Q

FSGS is MC nephrotic syndrome in?

A

AAs, Hispanics, HIV, Sickle Cell and Heroin

37
Q

MCD to describe in one phrase?

A

Change is so MINIMAL that you only lose ALBUMIN NOT gammaglobin

38
Q

MCD is MC nephrotic Syndrome in?

A

Kids

39
Q

MCD LM?

A

Normal Glomeruli

40
Q

MCD and FSGS both have?

A

=>Effacement of foot process

41
Q

MCD is associated with?

A

Hodgkins Lymphoma

42
Q

MCD Tx?

A

STeriods

43
Q

Membranous Nephropathy EM?

A

Spike and Dome Appearance

44
Q

MCC of Nephrotic Syndrome in SLE?

A

Membranous Nephropathy

45
Q

Membranous Nephropathy is MCC of nephrotic syndrome in?

A

Caucasian adults

46
Q

In amyloidosis, what is the LM?

A

Congo red stain shows apple-green

47
Q

In amyloidosis what is the most commonly involved organ?

A

Kidney

48
Q

In Diabetic Glomerulonephropathy, MOA?

A

Nonenzymatic Glycosylation of GBM

49
Q

What nodules will you see?

A

Kimmelsteil-Wilson Lesions

50
Q

What is the first change you will see in diabetic glomerulonephropathy?

A

NEG of efferent arterioles=>Increased GFR􏰂=>mesangial expansion.

Renal (14 decks)

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