Chapter 17, 31, and 32- Plants Flashcards
What are the characteristics of monocots vs. those of dicots?
Monocots: single cotyledon, parallel veins, scattered vascular bundles, flower parts in multiples of 3, fibrous roots, and long narrow leaves
Dicots: 2 cotyledons, network of veins, vascular bundles in a ring, flower parts in multiples of 4/5, taproot, and broad leaves
What is the role of stomata in transpiration?
They allow water to evaporate at the leaves
What are the characteristics of a bryophyte?
Rhizoids instead of roots and growth low to the ground in damp places
What does gymnosperm mean? What are the characteristics of a gymnosperm?
“Naked seed.” Cones, needle shaped and waxy leaves, and mostly evergreens
What does angiosperm mean? What are the characteristics of an angiosperm?
“Enclosed seed.” Flowers and fruit
What is a taproot?
A type of root that only has one major part that goes deep into the ground
Ex: carrots, potatoes
What is the cuticle?
The waxy coat on the leaf surface that prevent water loss
What is the role of the guard cells?
They surround the stomata and open and close them to regulate water loss
What are xylem and phloem?
Xylem pulls water up through plants, and phloem transports sugars
What is lignin?
An extra strong molecule that helps support plants
What is capillary action?
Water rises in the xylem because of adhesion and cohesion
What is adhesion?
Water is attracted to the plant
What is cohesion?
Water is attracted to itself
What are the adaptions that allowed plants to transition from water to land?
Cuticle, stomata, roots, vascular system, lignin, seeds, and pollen.
