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7 and 8 1st Sem Exams > Science 2nd Semester > Flashcards

Science 2nd Semester Flashcards

0
Q

Conduction

A

Particle contacting

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1
Q

Radiation

A

Energy transferred in sun rays or waves

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2
Q

Convection

A

Movement within a fluid ( circulates heat )

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3
Q

Land breeze

A

Movement of air toward WATER from LAND

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4
Q

Sea Breeze

A

Solar radiation warms the land more than the water

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5
Q

Coriolis Effect

A

Moving air and water when the Earth rotates

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6
Q

Evaporation

A

Water forming clouds

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7
Q

Precipitation

A

Rain, Snow, Hail

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8
Q

Groundwater

A

Water in the ground😄😏

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9
Q

Run Off

A

Land by water

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10
Q

Watershed

A

Lakes, streams, rivers that drain to one source

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11
Q

Where on Earth is atmospheric pressure the greatest?

A

Near the surface (troposphere)

The molecules are dense at the surface

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12
Q

What are the percentages of gases in the atmosphere?

A

Nitrogen 78%

Oxygen 21%

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13
Q

What is the function of the ozone layer

A

It keeps out the Suns harmful rays

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14
Q

How does co^2 enter the atmosphere?

A

Breathing, deforestation, pollution, burning fossil fuels

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15
Q

What Earth surface change can occur because of deforestation?

A

Erosion

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16
Q

What are three thing that can happen when the sun hits the atmosphere?

A

Some energy is reflected back
Some is absorbed
Some is trapped in the atmosphere

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17
Q

What causes giant loops of air?

A

Unequal heating on Earth surface

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18
Q

Where do the sun’s rays strike earth most directly?

A

On the Equator

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19
Q

What causes land a sea breezes?

A

Land warms faster than water

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20
Q

What creates wind patterns on the surface?

A

Low and high pressure

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21
Q

Weather

A

The state of the atmosphere

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22
Q

Air mass

A

A large body of air similar temp and precip

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23
Q

Barometer

A

Measures atmospheric pressure

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24
Q

Front

A

A boundary between two air masses of different density

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25
Q

Weather is the interaction of sun, water and …

A

AIR

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26
Q

What causes change in weather?

A

Air masses move and meet

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27
Q

What is the name of wind based on?

A

It comes from the Northeast.

It come North to East

28
Q

How do weather patterns move across the U.S?

A

From West to East

29
Q

What is weather like in high pressure?

A

Fair weather, no clouds

Molecules are tightly packed

30
Q

What is weather like in low pressure?

A

Cloudy, rainy, stormy

Molecules are unbalanced

31
Q

Climate

A

Weather patterns and conditions in an area

32
Q

Latitude

A

The place north or south of the equator

33
Q

Leap Year

A

One extra day in February every 4 years

34
Q

Autumn Equinox

A

Equal amounts of day/night

35
Q

Vernal equinox

A

Spring

Equal amounts of day/night

36
Q

Winter solstice

A

Shortest daylight

37
Q

Summer solstice

A

Longest daylight

Marks onset of summer

June 24 longest day of daylight

38
Q

Greenhouse effect

A

The Earth’s natural heating process

39
Q

Fossil fuels

A

A natural fuel

Coal, oil, natural gas

40
Q

Deforestation

A

Clearing of trees

41
Q

Nuclear fusion

A

Two atoms join together to form a helium nucleus.

Energy is released

Happens at sun

42
Q

What two factor influence climate?

A

Large bodies of water
Ocean currents
Global winds
Large cities

43
Q

Large bodies of water influence what on land?

A

Temperature and Precipitation

44
Q

What location on Earth receives the most solar radiation?

A

Equator

45
Q

Seasons are caused by what?

A

The Earth’s tilt

46
Q

What would happen if the earth was not tilted?

A

There would be no seasons

47
Q

What gas increases the greenhouse effect?

A

Co^2

48
Q

What can a single cell organism do?

A

Can’t organize to make tissues for organs

49
Q

Why do cells have different shapes?

A

Because they have different functions

50
Q

What is the major difference between animal and plant cells?

A

Plant cells can make their own food

51
Q

Nucleus

A

Directs all cell activities

52
Q

Cytoplasm

A

The inner cell substance

Jelly-like

53
Q

Cell membrane

A

The outer shell of an animal cell

54
Q

Cell wall

A

The outer shell of a plant cell

Made of cellulose

55
Q

Chloroplast

A

Carries out photosynthesis

56
Q

Mitochondria

A

Where cell repair happens

Powerhouse of cell

57
Q

Define the process of diffusion

A

Particles move from high concentration to low

How you smell Doritos from a distance

58
Q

Osmosis

A

Movement of water

59
Q

Proteins

A

Peanuts, meats, beans

Builds muscle and repairs tissue

60
Q

Fats

A

Peanuts

61
Q

Carbs

A

Starches

62
Q

Where does photosynthesis take place?

A

The chloroplast

63
Q

Homozygous

A

Dominant

64
Q

Oxygen exits through a…

A

Stomata

65
Q

What are 3 advantages of asexual reproduction?

A

Very efficient
No other cell needed
Guaranteed gene

66
Q

What is passed down in sexual reproduction?

A

Genes

67
Q

After the process of meiosis, how many chromosomes does each cell have?

A

46 chromosomes

68
Q

What is the difference between phenotype and genotype

A

Phenotype= what we look like

Genotype= the way our genes look

7 and 8 1st Sem Exams (14 decks)

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